Clinical-Epidemiological Profile and Survival of the Cases of Retinoblastoma in a Reference Hospital in Oncology in the State of Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Heloisa Brito
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Silveira, Ana Paula Stievano Ferraz da, Barcelos, Carolina Cordeiro, Albuquerque, João Marcelo Tocantins, Guerra, Rafaella Faria Oliveira, Silva, Constanza Thaise Xavier
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng; spa
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/3894
• topic: retinoblastoma; child; blindness; epidemiology; retinoblastoma; niño; ceguera; epidemiología; retinoblastoma; criança; cegueira; epidemiologia

Introduction: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular primary malignancy in childhood, it is rare and accounts for 2% to 4% of pediatric malignant tumors. Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological profile and survival of cases of retinoblastoma in a reference hospital in oncology in the state of Goiás, between 2008 and 2014. Method: Cross-sectional analytical observational study built from the analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma between 2008 and 2014. Analyzes were performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square association test. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 55 patients with retinoblastoma were treated, with predominance of females (54.5%), in the age group of 1 to 4 years (27.3%) and of brown ethnicity (50.9%). The most prevalent clinical characteristics were intraocular involvement (74.5%), unilateral (65.5%), with no family history (56.4%) and with clinical signs of leukocoria (80%). Most of them did not present metastases at diagnosis (87.3%), the main treatment being unilateral enucleation (72.7%). Association between the clinical evolution of the patient and extraocular location (p = 0.001) was found, presence of metastasis (p = 0.001), and stage IV classified by Chantada et al. (p = 0.001). Patients classified as E were submitted to higher volume of enucleation (right eye – p = 0.05 and left eye – p = 0.001). The 5-year overall survival was 72.7%. Conclusion: These findings are relevant for planning preventive actions, as early diagnosis is one of the main allies in determining the cure and preserving vision.