Análise de sensibilidade topológica na mecânica do dano e da fratura

• Autor(a) principal: Xavier, Marcel Duarte da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do LNCC
• Texto Completo: https://tede.lncc.br/handle/tede/275
• topic: Equações diferenciais parcias; Mecãnica do dano e da fratura; Análise de sensibilidade; Partial differential equations; Sensitivity analysis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::MATEMATICA::ANALISE::EQUACOES DIFERENCIAIS PARCIAIS

The topological derivative is a scalar field that measures the sensitivity of a given shape functional with respect to an infinitesimal singular domain perturbation, such as the insertion of holes, inclusions, source-terms or even cracks. In this work, the concept of topological derivative is applied in the context of damage and fracture mechanics. In particular, the nucleation and propagation damaging process and the crack growth control in cracked elastic bodies are studied. In the first topic, the topological derivative is applied together with the Griffith-Francfort-Marigo damage model to propose a simple numerical scheme in order to determine the damage nucleation/propagation in brittle materials. The proposed numerical scheme is able to capture the whole nucleation and propagation damaging process, including important features like kinking and bifurcations. These properties are confirmed through several numerical experiments and by comparison with available laboratory experiments. Taking into account the promising obtained results, a simple adaptation of the Griffith-Francfort-Marigo damage model to the context of hydraulic fracture is proposed. The new model can be seen as a simplified version with respect to the real hydraulic fracture. In this sense, this second study aims to develop a simple numerical scheme which can be applied in more realistic situations later. However, important features associated with hydraulic fracture process are captured with the simplified model. In the sequence, in order to study the hydraulic fracture process in more realistic scenarios, the whole developed methodology is applied together with the Biot hydro-mechanical model. Finally, the topological derivative associated with the Griffith-Francfort-Marigo damage model extended to the context of hydraulic fracture in the three spatial dimensional case is obtained. In the second topic, the concept of topological derivative is applied to the crack growth control problem. In particular, a methodology aiming to extend the remaining useful life of cracked elastic bodies is proposed. The central idea consists in minimize a shape functional based on the famous Rice’s integral with respect to the nucleation of hard and/or soft inclusions far from the crack tip. According to the Griffith energy criterion, this simple procedure allows for increasing the remaining useful life of the cracked body. Finally, in order to show the applicability of the proposed methodology, some numerical experiments are presented.