GURUDHARMAS: Processos de construção e corrupção do cânon referente às obrigações de monjas budistas iniciantes

• Autor(a) principal: FRANÇA, NIRVANA DE OLIVEIRA MORAES GALVÃO DE
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da METODISTA
• Texto Completo: http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/2082
• topic: Gurudharmas; Monjas budistas; Construção e corrupção do cânon; Gurudharma; Buddhist nuns; Construction and corruption of the buddhist canon.; CIENCIAS HUMANAS

The founding of the female Buddhist monastic community is described in the canon in several texts, among them in the Speech to Gotamī and Kullavagga. In short lines, Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī, the Buddha's stepmother, decides to become a nun and asks the Buddha for permission, and he denies his request three times. After the third negative, Ananda, the Buddha's cousin and personal attendant intervenes and then women are allowed to enter the monastic life, however for this to be possible they should take for themselves eight “principles to be respected”, called Gurudharmas (Sanskrit) or Garudhammas (pāli). This dissertation aims to explore and present the evidence of corruption of the text through bibliographic research and analysis of the Discourse for Gotamī and the Kullavagga, tenth Kandhaka, the obligations of the Bhikṣuṇī. Initially an overview of the state of research on women and religion, the situation of women in the time of the Buddha and the foundation of the male monastic community is presented. Then, the women's struggle for the foundation of the female community is addressed, exploring the main points of the account of how this may have happened. Finally, the “principles to be respected” are worked on by the Gurudharmas, presenting the signs of corruption and their interpretation. With this, we seek to analyze the evidence of corruption of the texts, highlighting the points where deletions and possible additions may have occurred