Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho
Data de Publicação: 2011
Outros Autores: Baes,Cristiane Von Werne, Martins,Camila Maria Severi, Juruena,Mario
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)
Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008
Resumo: Considerable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue.
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spelling Early life stress, HPA axis, and depressionearly life stresschildhood traumadepressiontreatment-resistant depressionhypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axisConsiderable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue.Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade de BrasíliaUniversidade de São Paulo2011-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008Psychology & Neuroscience v.4 n.2 2011reponame:Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)instname:Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)instacron:PUCRJ10.3922/j.psns.2011.2.008info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTofoli,Sandra Marcia de CarvalhoBaes,Cristiane Von WerneMartins,Camila Maria SeveriJuruena,Marioeng2012-02-02T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S1983-32882011000200008Revistahttps://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/pnePRIhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phppsycneuro@psycneuro.org1983-32881984-3054opendoar:2012-02-02T00:00Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) - Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
title Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
spellingShingle Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho
early life stress
childhood trauma
depression
treatment-resistant depression
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
title_short Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
title_full Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
title_fullStr Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
title_full_unstemmed Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
title_sort Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
author Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho
author_facet Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho
Baes,Cristiane Von Werne
Martins,Camila Maria Severi
Juruena,Mario
author_role author
author2 Baes,Cristiane Von Werne
Martins,Camila Maria Severi
Juruena,Mario
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho
Baes,Cristiane Von Werne
Martins,Camila Maria Severi
Juruena,Mario
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv early life stress
childhood trauma
depression
treatment-resistant depression
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
topic early life stress
childhood trauma
depression
treatment-resistant depression
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
description Considerable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-01-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008
url http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 10.3922/j.psns.2011.2.008
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv text/html
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
Universidade de Brasília
Universidade de São Paulo
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
Universidade de Brasília
Universidade de São Paulo
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Psychology & Neuroscience v.4 n.2 2011
reponame:Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)
instname:Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)
instacron:PUCRJ
instname_str Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)
instacron_str PUCRJ
institution PUCRJ
reponame_str Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)
collection Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) - Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv psycneuro@psycneuro.org
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