Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008 |
Resumo: | Considerable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue. |
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Early life stress, HPA axis, and depressionearly life stresschildhood traumadepressiontreatment-resistant depressionhypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axisConsiderable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue.Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade de BrasíliaUniversidade de São Paulo2011-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008Psychology & Neuroscience v.4 n.2 2011reponame:Psychology & Neuroscience (Online)instname:Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)instacron:PUCRJ10.3922/j.psns.2011.2.008info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTofoli,Sandra Marcia de CarvalhoBaes,Cristiane Von WerneMartins,Camila Maria SeveriJuruena,Marioeng2012-02-02T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S1983-32882011000200008Revistahttps://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/pnePRIhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phppsycneuro@psycneuro.org1983-32881984-3054opendoar:2012-02-02T00:00Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) - Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
title |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
spellingShingle |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho early life stress childhood trauma depression treatment-resistant depression hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis |
title_short |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
title_full |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
title_fullStr |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
title_sort |
Early life stress, HPA axis, and depression |
author |
Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho |
author_facet |
Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho Baes,Cristiane Von Werne Martins,Camila Maria Severi Juruena,Mario |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Baes,Cristiane Von Werne Martins,Camila Maria Severi Juruena,Mario |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tofoli,Sandra Marcia de Carvalho Baes,Cristiane Von Werne Martins,Camila Maria Severi Juruena,Mario |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
early life stress childhood trauma depression treatment-resistant depression hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis |
topic |
early life stress childhood trauma depression treatment-resistant depression hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis |
description |
Considerable evidence from various studies suggests a preeminent role for early adverse experiences in the development of psychopathology, especially depression. The most recent studies reviewed herein suggest that early life stressors are associated with an increased risk for mood disorders in adulthood. This review examines the emerging literature on the relationship between stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, and depression and the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. Moreover, HPA axis changes appear to be state-dependent, tending to improve upon resolution of the depressive syndrome. Interestingly, persistent HPA hyperactivity has been associated with higher rates of relapse. These studies suggest that an evaluation of the HPA axis during antidepressant treatment may help identify patients who are at a higher risk for relapse. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Evidence has consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of mineralocorticoid receptors in depression. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this issue. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-32882011000200008 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3922/j.psns.2011.2.008 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Universidade de Brasília Universidade de São Paulo |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Universidade de Brasília Universidade de São Paulo |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Psychology & Neuroscience v.4 n.2 2011 reponame:Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) instname:Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC) instacron:PUCRJ |
instname_str |
Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC) |
instacron_str |
PUCRJ |
institution |
PUCRJ |
reponame_str |
Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) |
collection |
Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Psychology & Neuroscience (Online) - Instituto Brasileiro de Neuropsicologia e Comportamento (IBNeC) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
psycneuro@psycneuro.org |
_version_ |
1754821072780263424 |