A estética realista e o conto “O alienista”, de Machado de Assis: um enfoque sistêmico-funcional

• Autor(a) principal: Montinegro, Maria do Socorro Suzano
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/30963
• topic: CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LINGUISTICA::LINGUISTICA APLICADA; Literatura realista; Linguística sistêmico-funcional; Linguística crítica; Avaliatividade; Frame; Ironia; Realistic literature; Systemic-functional Linguistics; Critical Linguistics; Appraisal; Frame; Irony

In recent decades, more than in the two thousand years of poetics and rhetoric tradition, it has become increasingly evident that the studies of literature and discourse are intrinsically linked. The present study examines this relationship, a continuation of my master's degree research about the short story from the realistic aesthetic “Missa do Galo”, by Machado de Assis. This time, I examine the short story “O Alienista”, by the same author, with the objective of verifying the the presence of such literary realist characteristics, expressed in the behaviors associated with the participants in the society in which they live. The decision to guide my research this way arose from reading investigations that combined literature and linguistics, when I was able to verify that none of them examined the relationship in focus. On the other hand, oriented towards this relationship, the short story involves situations in which the search for an implicit meaning in the text, but perhaps present in discourse, requires a theory that makes it possible to reveal this meaning. The functional lexicogrammar choices view of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) - as indices of meaning - offers a specific analytical tool for the systematic linguistic examination of motivations, purposes , assumptions, and interest of the text writer. SFL harbors in its core the concept of Appraisal, which maps resources used to evaluate a social experience, realized through various lexico-grammatical structures. The subjacent reading of the text counts on Critical Linguistics to grasp a complex orientation of values to the text, relying on the notions of irony and frame, the mental knowledge that grasps the typical features of a situation in order to guarantee coherence. The analysis shows that throughout the short story “O Alienista” characteristics of realistic aesthetics occur, which contrasts it with a work of literary romantiscism. To do so, it counted on Systemic-Functional Linguistics, Critical Linguistics and Appraisal, in addition to the notions of irony and frame