As ideias envolvidas na gênese do teorema fundamental do cálculo, de Arquimedes a Newton e Leibniz

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Walkíria Corrêa dos
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10872
• topic: Tangente; Quadratura; Incomensurabilidade; Infinitamente pequeno; Teorema fundamental do cálculo; Tangent; Quadrature; Incommensurability; Infinitely small; Fundamental theorem of calculus; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::MATEMATICA

This paper seeks to contribute to the study of the main ideas that involve the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC) from the Mathematics in Ancient Greece to contributions of Newton (1642 - 1727) and Leibniz (1646 - 1716), the seventeenth century. Given the scope of this theme, we focus our attention on the question of Incommensurability and in consequence, the definition of Proportion of Eudoxus (390 a.C. - 320 a.C.). Such a definition, results in the 'geometrization' of translating the mathematical ideas that culminated in the concepts of derivative and integral, in quadrature issues and calculation of volumes, through method of exhaustion and method Mechanic Archimedes (287 a.C. - 212 a.C.), and the method of tracing the tangent of Apollonius (262 a.C.) - 190 a.C.). The searches tangent to a curve and the problem of quadrature were a predecessor motive for the work of Newton (1642 - 1727) and Leibniz (1646 - 1716) could establish "Infinitesimal Calculus". The revival of mathematical activity in the fifteenth century, with the need for new routes of commerce and navigation, covering arithmetic, algebra and trigonometry and the sixteenth century, were of great importance, forming the basis of all algebraic development. In the seventeenth century, an important area has been established: the Analytic Geometry, which contributed greatly to the achievements of Newton (1642 - 1727), and Leibniz (1646 - 1716), by establishing, in definitive, that the process of integration and differentiation are inverse operations of one another. The result is now known as the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. The product of the research conducted is a text, drafted with didactic concern, which aims to facilitate understanding of the interconnection of ideas that have contributed, through centuries, to the result that we now know as the Fundamental Theorem of calculus