Democracia na era do desencanto: dispositivos de surveillance da Administração Pública pela sociedade - um estudo de caso das Ouvidorias Públicas do Governo do Estado de São Paulo

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Jésus de Lisboa
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/3540
• topic: Democracia; Estado; Ouvidorias Públicas do Governo do Estado de São Paulo; Transparência; Controle social; Democracy; Surveillance; State; Ombudsman; Transparency; Social control; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS

Popular sovereignty is the defining characteristic of democracy. The principle that people are the only legitimate source of power in a democratic government, recognized as self-evident since the first liberal revolutions, was incorporated into Brazilian democracy with its introduction on the foundation stones of the 1988 Constitution. However, democracy is not a finished work. The continuous rise and death of certain values has lead to constant tensions between structures of government and society, requiring improvement and even the invention of new devices of legitimating. Therefore, the electoral process as the sole and sufficient means of democratic legitimacy is severely contested today. This is a study about the essential transformations observed in Brazilian democracy with the appearance of semi-autonomous entities of relations mediation with society, absorbing within government structures, mistrust, misunderstanding and desire of participation for the purpose of reconnecting Society and the State in an effort to build dialogue and democratic understanding. Its object of study is the network of Ombudsman of the Sao Paulo State. Through a multiple cases study, a description and analysis of this network of protection and defense of the citizenship was made in order to put into evidence its typical characteristics as well as to propose a course of strategic action for the implementing and acting of Public Ombudsman with focus on the recovery of citizenship and strengthening the role of society in the social control of the State. Initially there was a study of the major conceptions of the State based on some of the most important theorists of classical liberalism. The reform initiatives of the State in Brazil are presented in their central aspects. There are four distinct stages in the development process of democracy: direct, representative, participatory and surveillance. The concept of citizenship was discussed due to its strong relationship with the State action and we have developed the understanding of the Scandinavian Ombudsman, learning about it in its spatial and temporal context of origin. Despite the differences between the two entities, the suédoise has served as inspiration for the creation of an Ombudsman system for the state of Sao Paulo. Finally we have conducted a multiple cases study in five pubic organizations of the Sao Paulo State Government using as data interviews with Ombudsmen and managers, document analysis, records of files as well as direct observation