Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2009 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
Texto Completo: | https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9377 |
Resumo: | This paper seeks to analyze the debate on the results of the american local reinvestment law Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), aimed at the role of government regulating in expanding access to credit, as well its participation in local development. At the height of the Great Depression in the 1930s, the funding program for housing in the New Deal had as objective to create jobs for thousands of unemployed. The mortgage of the government, however, has not benefited everyone. A large inventory was designed to assess the residential areas of the country. The mapping of regions where the banks could not provide loans worth up to discriminatory criteria. The factors of exclusion had nothing to do with the solvency of the inhabitants, but with the conservation status of the neighborhoods and the presence of ethnic minorities on the spot. The practice was called redlining because the areas excluded from access to credit were red delineated on the maps prepared by the government. Researchers of urban planning in the United States argue that these maps were used by public and private entities to, years later, denying loans to people in black communities or low-income neighborhoods. The assumptions of redlining resulted in increasing the geographical and racial segregation and has contributed to urban decay. The CRA was created in 1977 to combat redlining in the granting of mortgage financing. While the immediate goal was to punish discrimination in the granting of loans, the issue of local economic development has been the more comprehensive target of the law. After 30 years of implementation, what were the results? Based on analysis of existing literature on the impact of CRA on access to credit for low-income communities and ethnic minorities, this study seeks answers to these questions. The object of this debate analysis also houses the controversy surrounding the relationship between the CRA and the credit crisis linked to the U.S. mortgage system |
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Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira deOliveira, Fabiana Franco de2016-04-26T20:48:55Z2009-06-172009-04-22Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de. Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos. 2009. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2009.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9377This paper seeks to analyze the debate on the results of the american local reinvestment law Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), aimed at the role of government regulating in expanding access to credit, as well its participation in local development. At the height of the Great Depression in the 1930s, the funding program for housing in the New Deal had as objective to create jobs for thousands of unemployed. The mortgage of the government, however, has not benefited everyone. A large inventory was designed to assess the residential areas of the country. The mapping of regions where the banks could not provide loans worth up to discriminatory criteria. The factors of exclusion had nothing to do with the solvency of the inhabitants, but with the conservation status of the neighborhoods and the presence of ethnic minorities on the spot. The practice was called redlining because the areas excluded from access to credit were red delineated on the maps prepared by the government. Researchers of urban planning in the United States argue that these maps were used by public and private entities to, years later, denying loans to people in black communities or low-income neighborhoods. The assumptions of redlining resulted in increasing the geographical and racial segregation and has contributed to urban decay. The CRA was created in 1977 to combat redlining in the granting of mortgage financing. While the immediate goal was to punish discrimination in the granting of loans, the issue of local economic development has been the more comprehensive target of the law. After 30 years of implementation, what were the results? Based on analysis of existing literature on the impact of CRA on access to credit for low-income communities and ethnic minorities, this study seeks answers to these questions. The object of this debate analysis also houses the controversy surrounding the relationship between the CRA and the credit crisis linked to the U.S. mortgage systemEste trabalho analisa o debate sobre os resultados da lei de reinvestimento local norte-americana Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), tendo em vista o papel da regulação governamental na ampliação do acesso ao crédito bancário e a participação deste do desenvolvimento local. No auge da Grande Depressão dos anos 1930, o programa de financiamento à habitação do New Deal tinha como objetivo criar postos de trabalho para milhares de desempregados. A garantia hipotecária do governo, no entanto, não beneficiou a todos. Um grande inventário foi criado para avaliar as áreas residenciais do país. O mapeamento das regiões onde credores hipotecários assegurados por fundos do governo não poderiam conceder empréstimos valeu-se de critérios discriminatórios. Os fatores de exclusão nada tinham a ver com a solvabilidade dos habitantes, mas com as características sócio-econômicas dos bairros e a presença de minorias no local. A prática foi denominada redlining , uma vez que as áreas excluídas do acesso ao crédito eram delimitadas em vermelho, nos mapas elaborados pelo governo. Pesquisadores do planejamento urbano nos Estados Unidos defendem que esses mapas foram utilizados por entidades públicas e privadas para, anos mais tarde, negar empréstimos a pessoas em comunidades negras ou bairros de baixa renda. Os pressupostos do redlining resultaram no aumento da segregação racial e geográfica, além de contribuir para a degradação urbana. O CRA foi criado em 1977 para combater a discriminação na concessão de financiamento hipotecário, mas a questão do desenvolvimento econômico local constituiu um alvo mais abrangente da lei. Após 30 anos de execução, quais foram os seus resultados? Com base na análise da literatura existente acerca do impacto do CRA no acesso ao crédito para comunidades de baixa renda e minorias étnicas, este trabalho busca respostas a essas questões. O debate objeto desta análise também abriga a polêmica em torno das relações entre o CRA e a crise de crédito ligada ao sistema hipotecário dos EUA, que eclodiu em 2007/2008, afetando países em todo o mundoapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/18199/Fabiana%20Franco%20de%20Oliveira.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Economia PolíticaPUC-SPBREconomiaCommunity Reinvestment ActCRACrédito bancárioRegulamentação do sistema financeiroCrise subprime 2007-08Comunidade -- DesenvolvimentoEmprestimo bancarioEmprestimo hipotecarioBancosCreditRegulation of the financial systemReal estate crisis of the U.S. 2007-08RedliningCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIARegulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTFabiana Franco de Oliveira.pdf.txtFabiana Franco de Oliveira.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain281501https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/9377/3/Fabiana%20Franco%20de%20Oliveira.pdf.txt84a6579ff88120c9842fb8ef99cb3867MD53ORIGINALFabiana Franco de Oliveira.pdfapplication/pdf2325319https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/9377/1/Fabiana%20Franco%20de%20Oliveira.pdf8445c073369bffb9ce6e9cf31ed9d303MD51THUMBNAILFabiana Franco de Oliveira.pdf.jpgFabiana Franco de Oliveira.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1943https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/9377/2/Fabiana%20Franco%20de%20Oliveira.pdf.jpgcc73c4c239a4c332d642ba1e7c7a9fb2MD52handle/93772023-06-21 11:43:01.696oai:repositorio.pucsp.br:handle/9377Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://sapientia.pucsp.br/https://sapientia.pucsp.br/oai/requestbngkatende@pucsp.br||rapassi@pucsp.bropendoar:2023-06-21T14:43:01Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
title |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
spellingShingle |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de Community Reinvestment Act CRA Crédito bancário Regulamentação do sistema financeiro Crise subprime 2007-08 Comunidade -- Desenvolvimento Emprestimo bancario Emprestimo hipotecario Bancos Credit Regulation of the financial system Real estate crisis of the U.S. 2007-08 Redlining CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA |
title_short |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
title_full |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
title_fullStr |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
title_sort |
Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos |
author |
Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de |
contributor_str_mv |
Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Community Reinvestment Act CRA Crédito bancário Regulamentação do sistema financeiro Crise subprime 2007-08 Comunidade -- Desenvolvimento Emprestimo bancario Emprestimo hipotecario Bancos |
topic |
Community Reinvestment Act CRA Crédito bancário Regulamentação do sistema financeiro Crise subprime 2007-08 Comunidade -- Desenvolvimento Emprestimo bancario Emprestimo hipotecario Bancos Credit Regulation of the financial system Real estate crisis of the U.S. 2007-08 Redlining CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Credit Regulation of the financial system Real estate crisis of the U.S. 2007-08 Redlining |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA |
description |
This paper seeks to analyze the debate on the results of the american local reinvestment law Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), aimed at the role of government regulating in expanding access to credit, as well its participation in local development. At the height of the Great Depression in the 1930s, the funding program for housing in the New Deal had as objective to create jobs for thousands of unemployed. The mortgage of the government, however, has not benefited everyone. A large inventory was designed to assess the residential areas of the country. The mapping of regions where the banks could not provide loans worth up to discriminatory criteria. The factors of exclusion had nothing to do with the solvency of the inhabitants, but with the conservation status of the neighborhoods and the presence of ethnic minorities on the spot. The practice was called redlining because the areas excluded from access to credit were red delineated on the maps prepared by the government. Researchers of urban planning in the United States argue that these maps were used by public and private entities to, years later, denying loans to people in black communities or low-income neighborhoods. The assumptions of redlining resulted in increasing the geographical and racial segregation and has contributed to urban decay. The CRA was created in 1977 to combat redlining in the granting of mortgage financing. While the immediate goal was to punish discrimination in the granting of loans, the issue of local economic development has been the more comprehensive target of the law. After 30 years of implementation, what were the results? Based on analysis of existing literature on the impact of CRA on access to credit for low-income communities and ethnic minorities, this study seeks answers to these questions. The object of this debate analysis also houses the controversy surrounding the relationship between the CRA and the credit crisis linked to the U.S. mortgage system |
publishDate |
2009 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2009-06-17 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2009-04-22 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-04-26T20:48:55Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de. Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos. 2009. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2009. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9377 |
identifier_str_mv |
Oliveira, Fabiana Franco de. Regulação do crédito bancário e desenvolvimento local: o debate sobre os resultados do Community Reinvestment Act dos Estados Unidos. 2009. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2009. |
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BR |
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Economia |
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
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