Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da
Data de Publicação: 2010
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16885
Resumo: The purpose of the present study was the development of a methodology aimed at evaluating the impact of news from written media upon the behavior of readers, in terms of inclusion of stimuli on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli. Two aspects related to this aim deserved special attention in the planning of the research: the first one concerns the training procedure which would be more adequate to generate equivalent classes of stimuli; the second one concerns the use of other measures which could evaluate the impact of news, such as bipolar scales or semantic differentials. Three issues guided the research: 1) Is it possible to evaluate the impact of written media upon behavior once this impact is defined by the inclusion of a pseudoword inserted in a piece of news on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli and with an also previously established behavioral function? 2) Could different sequences of training produce different results in the formation of classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function? 3) Would a pseudoword which had never before been related to any abstract stimulus having, though, been presented through some piece of news be evaluated by the participants through bipolar scales in a similar way as if this pseudoword had been inserted in classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function?Three experiments were developed to answer these questions. Experiment 1 initially involved 40 university students. The 32 who managed to complete it showed emergent relations. Half the participants were submitted to a specific sequence of training, which began with simple discrimination. The other half was submitted to another sequence, which began with conditional discrimination. The two groups undertook both procedures (simple and conditional discrimination), involving three groups of stimuli to be established as classes in the conditional discrimination, and two groups of the same stimuli to be established as S+ and S-, in simple discrimination. Experiment 2 involved the 32 University students, who had showed emergent relations on the previous experiment, thus having established three classes of stimuli: S+, S- and neutral (not trained in simple discrimination). These participants were submitted to matching to sample tests to verify the inclusion or non inclusion of a pseudoword, which had appeared in pieces of news they had read, in a certain class of stimuli. 24 out of the 32 participants went through the baseline. Eigth of them did not go through this phase. In Experiment 3, it was asked of 10 amongst the 32 participants to evaluate, in bipolar scales, the pseudoword that appeared in the news. The results were, then, compared to the results of the same participants during the matching to sample. The results demonstrated that, in Experiment 1, the training sequence that started with simple discrimination seemed to facilitate the performance of the participants in the first AB block of conditional discrimination, but not in the first BC block. Besides, conditional discrimination also appears to have facilitated the performance in simple discrimination. In Experiment 2, half the participants which went through the baseline altered the inclusion of the pseudoword which appeared in the news, in at least one of the conditions to which they were submitted. The other half kept the original inclusion. On the other hand, to most participants who did not go through this phase, the first inclusion of the pseudoword, which took place immediately after the reading of the news, was not altered. Finally, in Experiment 3 there were several discrepancies amongst the results obtained through the bipolar scales and the results obtained through the matching to sample tests
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spelling Sério, Tereza Maria de Azevedo PiresSério, Tereza Maria de Azevedo Pireshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4212894Z7Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da2016-04-29T13:18:18Z2015-07-062010-04-23Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da. Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório. 2010. 169 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2010.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16885The purpose of the present study was the development of a methodology aimed at evaluating the impact of news from written media upon the behavior of readers, in terms of inclusion of stimuli on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli. Two aspects related to this aim deserved special attention in the planning of the research: the first one concerns the training procedure which would be more adequate to generate equivalent classes of stimuli; the second one concerns the use of other measures which could evaluate the impact of news, such as bipolar scales or semantic differentials. Three issues guided the research: 1) Is it possible to evaluate the impact of written media upon behavior once this impact is defined by the inclusion of a pseudoword inserted in a piece of news on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli and with an also previously established behavioral function? 2) Could different sequences of training produce different results in the formation of classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function? 3) Would a pseudoword which had never before been related to any abstract stimulus having, though, been presented through some piece of news be evaluated by the participants through bipolar scales in a similar way as if this pseudoword had been inserted in classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function?Three experiments were developed to answer these questions. Experiment 1 initially involved 40 university students. The 32 who managed to complete it showed emergent relations. Half the participants were submitted to a specific sequence of training, which began with simple discrimination. The other half was submitted to another sequence, which began with conditional discrimination. The two groups undertook both procedures (simple and conditional discrimination), involving three groups of stimuli to be established as classes in the conditional discrimination, and two groups of the same stimuli to be established as S+ and S-, in simple discrimination. Experiment 2 involved the 32 University students, who had showed emergent relations on the previous experiment, thus having established three classes of stimuli: S+, S- and neutral (not trained in simple discrimination). These participants were submitted to matching to sample tests to verify the inclusion or non inclusion of a pseudoword, which had appeared in pieces of news they had read, in a certain class of stimuli. 24 out of the 32 participants went through the baseline. Eigth of them did not go through this phase. In Experiment 3, it was asked of 10 amongst the 32 participants to evaluate, in bipolar scales, the pseudoword that appeared in the news. The results were, then, compared to the results of the same participants during the matching to sample. The results demonstrated that, in Experiment 1, the training sequence that started with simple discrimination seemed to facilitate the performance of the participants in the first AB block of conditional discrimination, but not in the first BC block. Besides, conditional discrimination also appears to have facilitated the performance in simple discrimination. In Experiment 2, half the participants which went through the baseline altered the inclusion of the pseudoword which appeared in the news, in at least one of the conditions to which they were submitted. The other half kept the original inclusion. On the other hand, to most participants who did not go through this phase, the first inclusion of the pseudoword, which took place immediately after the reading of the news, was not altered. Finally, in Experiment 3 there were several discrepancies amongst the results obtained through the bipolar scales and the results obtained through the matching to sample testsO objetivo da presente pesquisa foi desenvolver uma metodologia capaz de avaliar o impacto que notícias da mídia impressa exercem sobre o comportamento dos leitores, em termos de inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas. Dois aspectos relacionados a este objetivo mereceram atenção especial no planejamento da pesquisa: um referente ao procedimento de treino que seria mais apropriado em gerar classes de estímulos equivalentes e outro, referente ao uso de outras medidas para avaliação do impacto das notícias, tais como escalas bipolares ou de diferencial semântico. Assim, três problemas orientaram a busca de informações: 1) É possível avaliar o impacto da mídia impressa sobre o comportamento, sendo esse impacto definido pela inclusão de uma pseudopalavra presente em uma notícia nas classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas e com função comportamental também previamente estabelecida? 2) Diferentes seqüências de treino na formação de classes de estímulos equivalentes com função comportamental determinada poderiam produzir diferentes resultados? 3) Uma pseudopalavra que nunca esteve antes relacionada a qualquer estímulo abstrato, mas tenha sido apresentada por meio de uma notícia, seria avaliada pelos participantes por meio de escalas bipolares de modo similar à inclusão dessa pseudopalavra em classes previamente formadas de estímulos equivalentes com função comportamental estabelecida? Três experimentos foram desenvolvidos para responder a essas questões. Participaram do Experimento 1, 40 estudantes universitários, dentre os quais 32 completaram o Experimento 1, e demonstraram relações emergentes. Metade desses participantes foi submetida a uma sequência específica de treino que se iniciava com a discriminação simples, e a outra metade foi submetida à outra sequência que se iniciava com a discriminação condicional. Ambos os grupos passaram pelos dois procedimentos (discriminação simples e condicional) envolvendo três conjuntos de estímulos a serem estabelecidos como classes na discriminação condicional e, dois conjuntos desses mesmos estímulos a serem estabelecidos como S+ e S-, na discriminação simples. Participaram do Experimento 2, todos os 32 participantes, que demonstraram relações emergentes, no estudo anterior, e portanto haviam estabelecido três classes de estímulos S+, S- e neutros (não treinados na discriminação simples). Esses participantes foram submetidos a testes (matching to sample) para verificação da inclusão ou não de uma pseudopalavra, que aparecia em notícias lidas por eles, em uma determinada classe de estímulos, sendo que 24 dos 32 participantes passaram pela linha de base, e oito não realizaram essa Fase. No Experimento 3, foi pedido a 10 desses 32 participantes que avaliassem a pseudopalavra que aparecia nas notícias, em escalas bipolares. Esses resultados foram, então, comparados com os resultados desses mesmos participantes no matching to sample. Os resultados demonstraram que, no Experimento 1, a sequência de treino que se iniciou com a discriminação simples pareceu facilitar o desempenho dos participantes no primeiro bloco AB da discriminação condicional, mas não no primeiro bloco BC. Além disso, a discriminação condicional também pareceu ter facilitado o desempenho na discriminação simples. No Experimento 2, observou-se que metade dos participantes que realizaram a linha de base alteraram a inclusão da pseudopalavra que aparecia na notícia, em pelo menos uma das condições a qual foram submetidos, e a outra metade, manteve essa inclusão. Diferentemente, para a maioria dos participantes que não realizaram essa Fase, a primeira inclusão da pseudopalavra, realizada imediatamente após a leitura da notícia, não se alterou. Por fim, no Experimento 3 foi observada discrepância entre os resultados obtidos por meio das escalas bipolares e os resultados obtidos por meio do matching to sampleCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/35635/Camila%20Maria%20Silveira%20da%20Silva.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Experimental: Análise do ComportamentoPUC-SPBRPsicologiaMídiaEquivalência de estímulosFormação de classe de estímulosAnálise do comportamentoMediaEquivalence of stimuliFormation of class of stimuliBehavior analysisCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALPossíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratórioinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTCamila Maria Silveira da Silva.pdf.txtCamila Maria Silveira da Silva.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain301342https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16885/3/Camila%20Maria%20Silveira%20da%20Silva.pdf.txte30adb2d21cd877561d8ae8a673efce6MD53ORIGINALCamila Maria Silveira da Silva.pdfapplication/pdf2547298https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16885/1/Camila%20Maria%20Silveira%20da%20Silva.pdfacd5ff0b6a82181e2f214a375bc4262aMD51THUMBNAILCamila Maria Silveira da Silva.pdf.jpgCamila Maria Silveira da Silva.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2104https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16885/2/Camila%20Maria%20Silveira%20da%20Silva.pdf.jpgc4715912a635b5fbde63d2a9b070733fMD52handle/168852022-04-28 14:28:49.519oai:repositorio.pucsp.br:handle/16885Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://sapientia.pucsp.br/https://sapientia.pucsp.br/oai/requestbngkatende@pucsp.br||rapassi@pucsp.bropendoar:2022-04-28T17:28:49Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
title Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
spellingShingle Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da
Mídia
Equivalência de estímulos
Formação de classe de estímulos
Análise do comportamento
Media
Equivalence of stimuli
Formation of class of stimuli
Behavior analysis
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL
title_short Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
title_full Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
title_fullStr Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
title_full_unstemmed Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
title_sort Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório
author Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da
author_facet Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Sério, Tereza Maria de Azevedo Pires
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv Sério, Tereza Maria de Azevedo Pires
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4212894Z7
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da
contributor_str_mv Sério, Tereza Maria de Azevedo Pires
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Mídia
Equivalência de estímulos
Formação de classe de estímulos
Análise do comportamento
topic Mídia
Equivalência de estímulos
Formação de classe de estímulos
Análise do comportamento
Media
Equivalence of stimuli
Formation of class of stimuli
Behavior analysis
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Media
Equivalence of stimuli
Formation of class of stimuli
Behavior analysis
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL
description The purpose of the present study was the development of a methodology aimed at evaluating the impact of news from written media upon the behavior of readers, in terms of inclusion of stimuli on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli. Two aspects related to this aim deserved special attention in the planning of the research: the first one concerns the training procedure which would be more adequate to generate equivalent classes of stimuli; the second one concerns the use of other measures which could evaluate the impact of news, such as bipolar scales or semantic differentials. Three issues guided the research: 1) Is it possible to evaluate the impact of written media upon behavior once this impact is defined by the inclusion of a pseudoword inserted in a piece of news on classes of previously formed equivalent stimuli and with an also previously established behavioral function? 2) Could different sequences of training produce different results in the formation of classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function? 3) Would a pseudoword which had never before been related to any abstract stimulus having, though, been presented through some piece of news be evaluated by the participants through bipolar scales in a similar way as if this pseudoword had been inserted in classes of equivalent stimuli with an also previously established behavioral function?Three experiments were developed to answer these questions. Experiment 1 initially involved 40 university students. The 32 who managed to complete it showed emergent relations. Half the participants were submitted to a specific sequence of training, which began with simple discrimination. The other half was submitted to another sequence, which began with conditional discrimination. The two groups undertook both procedures (simple and conditional discrimination), involving three groups of stimuli to be established as classes in the conditional discrimination, and two groups of the same stimuli to be established as S+ and S-, in simple discrimination. Experiment 2 involved the 32 University students, who had showed emergent relations on the previous experiment, thus having established three classes of stimuli: S+, S- and neutral (not trained in simple discrimination). These participants were submitted to matching to sample tests to verify the inclusion or non inclusion of a pseudoword, which had appeared in pieces of news they had read, in a certain class of stimuli. 24 out of the 32 participants went through the baseline. Eigth of them did not go through this phase. In Experiment 3, it was asked of 10 amongst the 32 participants to evaluate, in bipolar scales, the pseudoword that appeared in the news. The results were, then, compared to the results of the same participants during the matching to sample. The results demonstrated that, in Experiment 1, the training sequence that started with simple discrimination seemed to facilitate the performance of the participants in the first AB block of conditional discrimination, but not in the first BC block. Besides, conditional discrimination also appears to have facilitated the performance in simple discrimination. In Experiment 2, half the participants which went through the baseline altered the inclusion of the pseudoword which appeared in the news, in at least one of the conditions to which they were submitted. The other half kept the original inclusion. On the other hand, to most participants who did not go through this phase, the first inclusion of the pseudoword, which took place immediately after the reading of the news, was not altered. Finally, in Experiment 3 there were several discrepancies amongst the results obtained through the bipolar scales and the results obtained through the matching to sample tests
publishDate 2010
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2010-04-23
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2015-07-06
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2016-04-29T13:18:18Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da. Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório. 2010. 169 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2010.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16885
identifier_str_mv Silva, Camila Maria Silveira da. Possíveis efeitos da mídia impressa sobre a inclusão de estímulos em classes de estímulos equivalentes previamente formadas: um estudo exploratório. 2010. 169 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2010.
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