A fundamentação ética do estado socioambiental

• Autor(a) principal: Teixeira, Orci Paulino Bretanha
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/2901
• topic: ÉTICA AMBIENTAL; MEIO AMBIENTE - RESPONSABILIDADE; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

Environmental Ethics, discussed in its jusphilosophical dimension, deals with the ethical and legal obligations of preserving the ecological balance of the environment for the present and future generations. Along the temporal line of our existence, however, we have built a universe just for ourselves. Classical anthropocentrism, the philosophical substrate of environmental protection ruled by our reasons and technology, has expanded the exploratory thinking of natural resources as if they were inexhaustible resources available to mankind. It is a crucial factor to rethink the notion that progress at any cost can be sustainable by itself in order to change our thought and attitude towards environmental sustainability. In the core of ethical concerns, the concept of jonasian responsibility can be considered a breakthrough from the anthropocentric view. Thus, it is on the priorities of the responsibility principle, solidarity and dignity of the human being that we shall focus the duty of mankind as regards the environment, including all forms of life, a change of thought and attitude given the need of preserving or restoring the environmental quality. A new understanding of nature has arisen based on an integrating ethics, Environmental Ethics, directed to all living beings, who are seen as worth of respect and life, thus ensuring a harmonious relationship between man and nature in an organic view, a unity. In the face of the threatening extinction of life on Earth, the duty of care based on new principles may enable us to think of a less painful future for nature and living beings. It is in this sense that Hans Jonas has established an ethics for the technological society: future life must be ensured, acknowledging the interdependence of human life and nature and all life forms. The notion of all beings living correctly in nature is supported by the Philosophy of Nature, one of the jusphilosophical foundations to conceptualize environment, defining a milestone to interpret this relationship correctly. With the return of the concept of unity formulated by the ancient Greeks, the Hegelian model exposed in the Philosophy of Nature sustains, in our view, the Social Environmental State. Structured on such principles as Environmental Ethics, with the primary duty of not disrupting the laws of nature, the Social Environmental State protects and preserves the environmental balance and restore the quality of life in an ecologically balanced ecosystem. The way we outline here brings Philosophy and Law closer together in a holistic view, as we understand environmental defense to be a responsibility of all, Public Power and the people, who must establish close bonds to help legitimize good environmental practices, where care becomes the power engine of every action. Under the jusphilosophical view, we believe that the jonasian imperative of our duty to care for the environment is current and crucial for the continuity of life.