Associação do polimorfismo do gene do receptor da ocitocina (rs 2254298) com depressão, apoio social, autoestima e fatores de risco cardiovascular em idosos da atenção primária de Porto Alegre

• Autor(a) principal: Jacondino, Camila Bittencourt
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7770
• topic: Idoso; Ocitocina; Polimorfismo Genético; Depressão; Autoestima; Apoio Social; Doenças Cardiovasculares; Doenças Metabólicas; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Aging is becoming a reality in Brazil, as well as an increase in chronic no communicable diseases, among which depression is among the most frequent mental disorders in the population over 60 years. The causes of this mood disorder are multi factorial, and recent research points to a decrease in oxytocin, a neuropeptide, which acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, plays an important role in social behavior. The gene for its receptor (OXTR) is located on the short arm of the human chromosome 3p25, and a single nucleotide variation (rs2254298), have been linked with the emergence of mood disorders. Due to a point mutation, the guanine (G) was replaced by adenine (A), causing the G allele carriers to be favored by the behavioral relations. On the other hand, absence or a poor or ineffective social network, low self-esteem, associated with aging, OXTR polymorphism and depression may increase cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), making the elderly more susceptible to a negative outcome. PURPOSE: to analyze the association of oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (2254298) with depression, social support, self-esteem and cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF). METHODS: A cross-sectional study carried out with a population of elderly people from the basic care of Porto Alegre, with and without depression, diagnosed by the Brazilian version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI Plus), DNA extraction was performed from the leukocyte layer, and Genotyping by the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique, and the digestion fragments were run with agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide. Self-esteem and social emotional / affective support were verified through the Rosemberg and Griep Social Support scales respectively. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and smoking were the CVRF investigated, and the metabolic variables investigated were triglycerides and postprandial glucose concentration by capillary puncture. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and blood pressure were also measured. The hormones oxytocin and cortisol were obtained through the serum and measured by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 177 elderly people of basic care in Porto Alegre, mean age 72.6 ± 6.9, of which 129 (72.9%) were female. 66 (37.3%) had a diagnosis of depression, there was no association between OXTR rs 2254298 with depression, social support, self-esteem and CVRF. In the Poisson regression analysis, it was observed that the self-esteem (p = 0.031), and the social interaction domain (p = 0.037). A negative correlation was observed between serum oxytocin and BMI (p = 0.019) and postprandial triglycerides, (p = 0.035). The elderly classified as lean by Lipschitz criterion had significantly higher oxytocin averages (p = 0.005) and this relationship was maintained by regression analysis (p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the OXTR polymorphism (rs 2254298) is not associated with depression, social support, self-esteem, and cardiovascular risk factors in this sample. The final multivariate analysis showed a higher frequency of depression in individuals with lower self-esteem and social interaction; and the elderly with higher levels of serum oxytocin had lower BMI, and those with lower concentration of this hormone, higher postprandial TGC.