Filogenia de Hypoptopomatini : (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae)

• Autor(a) principal: Delapieve, Maria Laura de Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/279
• topic: ZOOLOGIA; ICTIOLOGIA; PEIXES - ESPÉCIES; LORICARIIDAE - TAXIONOMIA; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA

Previous phylogenetic analyses and the discovery of five new taxa of Hypoptotopomatini raised doubts concerning the relationships of the tribe. Therefore, in order to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and to test the monophyly of Hypoptopoma and Nannoptopoma, and to test the position of Niobichthys and Otocinclus, the present study aims to provide an encompassing hypothesis of relationships among the Hypoptopomatini, comprising most species of Hypoptopoma, five new taxa and the other genera of the tribe. We analyzed a data matrix of 101 morphological characters, 82 of which from the literature and 19 new characters are suggested, with the inclusion of 65 terminals. The analyses were conducted using the heuristic searching algorithm of multiple Random Addition Sequence (RAS) followed by branch swapping with the algorithm Tree Bissection and Reconnection (TBR) . The analysis resulted in 64 maximally parsimonious trees of 443 steps, consistency index of 0.34 and retention index of 0.81. The 64 primary cladograms were then summarized in a strict consensus tree. The result confirms the monophyly of Hypoptopomatinae and Hypoptopomatini. The tribe comprises six known genera: Acestridium, Hypoptopoma, Nannoptopoma, Niobichthys, Otocinclus and Oxyropsis and two new taxa. Additionally, Otocinclus is found to be the most basal member of the tribe; Acestridium and Niobichthys are sister to each other and closely related to a group formed by Nannoptopoma + New Taxa A , and New Taxa B + Oxyropsis + Hypoptopoma. Based on this framework on, changes to the classification and the taxonomy of the Hypoptopomatini are suggested