Variação no português de contato com o polonês no Rio Grande do Sul : vogais médias tônicas e pretônicas

• Autor(a) principal: Mileski, Ivanete
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7794
• topic: Variação Sociolinguística; Línguas em Contato; Português do Sul do Brasil; Polonês; LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES:LETRAS

This study describes and analyzes variable linguistic processes in speech data of descendants of Polish immigrants living in Rio Grande do Sul. The general goal of this research was to verify to what extent Portuguese-Polish bilingualism is related to the variable lowering of the tonic and pretonic mid vowels /e, o/, as well as the variable raising of the pretonic mid vowels by vowel harmony. The corpus of this study is composed of two samples, one referring to speech data produced by 24 speakers from three different locations in the Serra Gaúcha region (Nova Prata, Nova Bassano and Vista Alegre do Prata), and the other referring to data produced by 24 speakers from Aurea, both stratified by sex and age group. Data were collected through recording sociolinguistic interviews in order to obtain spontaneous speech data, as well as elicited speech of words containing the seven oral tonic vowels. The study is based on the theoretical-methodological assumptions of Variationist Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008 [1972], 1994; WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG (2006 [1968])), Sociophonectis (THOMAS, 2011) and studies on Languages in Contact (WEINREICH, 1974 [1953]; WINFORD, 2003). The variationist analysis of the tonic mid vowels lowering allowed us to verify that the process is modest in both samples and is characterized by the interindividual variation. In both communities, an impressive number of speakers do not present the process. In addition, speakers of the older age group who speak Polish frequently tend to have higher rates of lowering while speakers of any age group who do not speak Polish frequently show relatively lower rates. The analysis of the data showed that the lowering process is influenced by the variables Type of Vowel, Precedent Context, Type of Word and Word Frequency. The acoustic analysis of the tonic mid vowels showed that the F1 value of the front and back mid vowels presents statistically significant variation associated with the Type of Vowel, the Precedent Context and the Age of the speaker. As for the variation of the pretonic vowels, the variationist analysis of the lowering of the mid vowels showed that the process (i) is relatively more restricted and less frequent than the lowering of the tonic mid vowels, (ii) constitutes a phenomenon of harmony with the vowel of the following syllable (iii) shows particular conditioning related to the speech variety, since it is relatively productive only in contexts of lowering of tonic mid vowels. The study of the variable raising of the pretonic mid vowels by vowel harmony showed that the process presents conditioning similar to that found in other speech varieties of Portuguese spoken in Southern Brazil, since it is more frequent for the vowel /o/ than for the vowel /e/ and is also influenced by the variables Contiguity, Precedent Context, Atonicity, Nasality, Following Context, Tonicity, Age Group and Community. It is concluded that the variable lowering of the tonic and pretonid mid vowels /e, o/ shows similar conditioning in the speech of the communities under study. The variable lowering also tends to occur in the bilingual speech of the age group of older people who speak Polish frequently while it does not occur in monolingual speech, so that it can be understood as a process of interference in speech (WEINREICH, 1974 [1953]), which is not widespread in the variety and does not occur independently of bilingualism.