Efeito do canabidiol, um componente da cannabis sativa, na mucosite oral induzida em camundongos sob quimioterapia com 5-fluorouracil : avaliação clínica, histológica, hematológica e bioquímica

• Autor(a) principal: Guerra, Leticia de Freitas Cuba
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8376
• topic: Estomatologia; Quimioterapia; Mucosite Oral; Antioxidantes; Canabidiol; Stomatology; Chemotherapy; Oral Mucositis; Antioxidants; Cannabidiol; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA

Malignant neoplasms are a public health problem worldwide. The global estimate shows that in 2012, there were 14.1 million new cases of cancer and 8.2 million deaths. The epidemiology of cancer shows the importance of advancement in research in the area, from strategies of early diagnosis to containment of the damages associated with its occurrence and therapies used. Currently, the main treatment modalities include surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT). CT is widely used in the treatment of solid and hematological malignancies, where its aim is to destroy the tumor cells. However, it is not selective and also affects healthy cells of rapid renewal, such as those of the oral mucosa. As a consequence of damage to normal cells, this therapy accounts for substantial deleterious effects, such as oral mucositis (OM). This condition is characterized by the presence of painful ulcerations that can progress to such severe conditions, where the course of cancer treatment is compromised. Associated with the etiology of OM is oxidative stress (OS) generated by CT, which can induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), responsible for cell damage and the initiation tissue lesions. Cannabidiol (CBD) is the main non-psychotropic component of Cannabis sativa and has potent antiinflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic effects. This thesis consists of 2 scientific papers. The first is a literature review, whose objective was to evaluate the different mechanisms of action of CBD, which may be involved in the prevention and management of OM, suggesting the promising property of this drug. The second one deals with an experimental study conducted in an animal model, with the objective of evaluating the clinical, histological, hematological and oxidative stress effects of the intraperitoneal administration of CBD, at doses of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg for 4 and 7 days, in the repair of chemo-induced OM on the tongue ventrum of 90 CF-1 mice. CBD treatment decreased the OM clinic scores at both experimental times (p<0.005) and reduced the intensity of the inflammatory response, but not statistically significant. With regard to erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet counts and antioxidant enzyme activity, CAT and GSH, the groups treated with CBD showed better results. Thus, we concluded that CBD is able to regulate the inflammatory process of OM, and may represent a promising alternative in the management of this condition.