Análise da relação entre doação, coleta, ocultação e acumulação do conhecimento e a dimensão relacional do capital social no contexto dos times de desenvolvimento de software

• Autor(a) principal: Garcia, Plinio Silva de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9895
• topic: Compartilhamento do Conhecimento; Capital Social; Times de Desenvolvimento de Software; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO

Despite the incentives for engaging people to share knowledge, few companies achieve their effectiveness. Crucial for knowledge management, this process remains problematic in the organizational context. Occasionally, people choose to hide or accumulate what they know, undermining individual and collective performance. Among the factors that can influence this decision, social capital can potentially impact the flow of knowledge. In this sense, through mixed methods of investigation and in the light of Social Capital Theory and the Knowledge- Based Vision of the Firm, this research analyzed the relationship between social and behavioural variables regarding the sharing of knowledge between individuals with whom they work in software development teams. In the first step, a systematic literature review was carried out to consolidate the notion of concealment and accumulation of knowledge. Based on this understanding, a qualitative and exploratory investigation was developed, through which 21 technology professionals were interviewed. By analyzing the content of these interviews, it was possible to identify the main facets of social capital that influence the decision to share or retain knowledge. According to the research participants, the identity, trust and reciprocity variables, inherent to the relational dimension of social capital, can influence this behaviour in the context of software development teams. Although issues in the individual and organizational spheres equally have behavioural impacts, interpersonal relationships are crucial to the flow of knowledge. In contrast to the phenomenon of knowledge concealment, the knowledge accumulation construct did not have a validated scale that was mostly accepted in previous works that could be used to measure this behaviour. Thus, by collecting quantitative data among 217 undergraduate and graduate students, it was possible to validate an adapted scale for this type of knowledge retention. In the second stage, to model the relationship between all variables, a survey was disseminated in a non-probabilistic way among the population of technology professionals working in software development teams. This quantitative study collected data from 432 participants who answered a virtual and self-administered questionnaire with questions to analyze the relationship between relational social capital and the sharing or not of knowledge. This analysis suggested that the feeling of belonging to the group, trust in co-workers, and the commitment to reciprocity within the team positively impact knowledge sharing and negatively impact knowledge retention. In the validated theoretical model, it was found that, although relational social capital does not directly influence the accumulation of knowledge, there is an indirect impact due to the concealment of knowledge. Specifically, the less identity, trust, and reciprocity among team members, the greater the concealment and accumulation of knowledge, and the lesser will be knowledge donation. In turn, the more identity, trust and reciprocity among team members, the greater the collection and donation of knowledge, and the lesser will be knowledge hoarding. Therefore, aiming to favour the flow of knowledge in the context of software development teams, leaders can develop strategies to increase the relational social capital of individuals, promoting positive and sustainable social relationships.