Prevalência de distúrbios do sono em adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social e sua relação com transtornos cognitivos e comportamentais

• Autor(a) principal: Romanzini, Lisie Polita
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6411
• topic: MEDICINA; TRANSTORNOS DE SONO; ADOLESCENTES; COGNIÇÃO; COMPORTAMENTO; VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL; SONO - ANÁLISE; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Title: Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in Socially Vulnerable Teenagers and its Relation with Cognitive and Behavioral Disorder. Introduction: Sleep complaints are frequent in adolecents and can be associated with personal, behavioral and environmental problems. Sleep deprivation in this age group may affect school performance and results in behavioral changes. Insomnia, sleep phase delay and excessive daytime sleepiness are amongst the most common sleep problems in an adolescent population. Psychiatric diseases like anxiety disorder, depression and ADHD have also strong relation with sleep disorders at this age. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in socially vulnerable teenagers, to correlate such observations with cognitive problems and to verify the effectiveness of an educational intervention and of sleep hygiene. Methods: A cross and interventional study in which the sample was composed of 125 high school students in a school in Porto Alegre, that serves a highly vulnerable population. The tools used to evaluate sleep were two scales, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). In the cognitive evaluation the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) was used, which evaluates IQ, and the SNAP-V for ADHD diagnosis. An educational intervention and sleep hygiene routines were applied in order to access a possible improvement in students with sleep disorders. Results: From the 125 students included, 80% showed sleep alterations. From these, 44% presented excessive daytime sleepiness and 69,6% a poor sleep quality, this findings were associated to use of electronic media , noise and emotional issues as the main factors. The average time of sleep of the studied subjects was of approximately 6h30min, that being less than the recommended. No association was found between sleep problems and behavioral and cognitive disfunctions. Regarding the intervention study, there was a 17% (n = 53) improvement in sleep of the students who participated in the activities, however, there was no statistically significant difference between the different interventions. Conclusion: Data showed a high prevalence of sleep alterations in the studied population studied, however, this findings were not associated with cognitive and/or behavioral disfunctions. Environmental factors seem to have an influence in this poor quality of sleep. Educational interventions or sleep hygiene can be a way to address these problems.