Tradução, adaptação cultural e validação da versão em português do Brasil do selection, optimization and compensation questionnaire (SOCQ) para uso entre idosos sedentários e atletas master

• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Sionara Tamanini de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/2714
• topic: GERONTOLOGIA; GERIATRIA; IDOSOS; DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO; ATIVIDADES MOTORAS; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

The selection, optimization and compensation questionnaire (SOCQ) is part of a theoretical perspective of the LifespanPsychology. The instrument is meant to check the adaptation rate of the elderly when faced with everyday challenges, therefore explainingtheir successful aging. In Brazil, we do not have a gauging scale to apply to the SOCQ, which is a self-report instrument comprising 48 items, and divided into four strategies: elective selection (ES), loss-based selection (LBS), optimization (O) and compensation (C). The study consists of three parts. The goal of the first phase was to culturally adapt the instrument to the Portuguese language. The process involved the following steps: initial translation, translation summary, back-translation to English, expert committee review and final version pretesting, which included 34 elderlies. Based on the transcultural adaptation of the SOC questionnaire it was possible to propose a preliminary version in Portuguese. The second phase involved 319 elderlies, whose age ranged from 60 to 99 years (71.4±8.1), mostly women (70.8%), married (40.1%) or widowed (30.1%), under medication (81.5%), having at least one medical condition (79.0%) and physically active (42.9%). This section also presents validity and reliability measures, and a convergence analysis of the Brazilian version of the instrument. After the tests were applied, the confirmatory factor analysis displayed good adequacy of the Brazilian instrument.Based on the related literature, the internal consistency presented desirable values in the total score of the instrument (&#945;=0.902) andof the O strategy (O=0,851); forstrategies LBS and C the recommended values were 0.792 and 0.777 respectively; and for ES the acceptable value was 0.625. The convergence analysis showed significant connections in most items, though weak, among the SOCQ, Resilience Scale and WHOQOL-bref. The third phase of this study aimed at comparing the results obtained from the SOCQ applied among master athlete elderliesand sedentary elderlies. To reach that goal, the elderlies were split into two groups of 64 individuals each, and given the SOCQ. When applied to athletes, the t test produced significantly higher means than when applied to the sedentary group (p<0.05), except in the ES strategy (p>0.05). However, when p was adjustedfor possible confounding factors (variables sex, age, education, health condition, partner and leisure activities), p was not significant and, therefore, the SOC strategy means were not different (p>0.05). Eventually, the evidence indicated that the first phase, though of great relevance, needed further psychometric tests. Although the second phase revealed similarities between the original and the Brazilian instruments, we recommend proceeding with the studies on elderlies from several Brazilian places and among a diverse elderly public. The application of the SOCQ to two distinct groups stratified by their level of physical activity did not show any influence of the adaptation strategies over athlete elderlies everyday challenges, in comparison with the sedentary group.