Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Aguilar, Antonio J., Costa, Nélson Bruno Martins Marques da, Arezes, P., Ruiz, Diego P., Martínez-Aires, María Dolores
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78129
Resumo: Post-epidemic protocols have been implemented in public buildings to keep indoor environments safe. However, indoor environmental conditions are affected by this decision, which also affect the occupants of buildings. This fact has major implications in educational buildings, where the satisfaction and learning performance of students may also be affected. This study investigates the impact of post-epidemic protocols on indoor environmental conditions in higher education buildings of one Portuguese and one Spanish university. A sensor monitoring campaign combined with a simultaneous questionnaire was conducted during the reopening of the educational buildings. Results showed that although renewal air protocols were effective and the mean CO2 concentration levels remained low (742 ppm and 519 ppm in Portugal and Spain universities, respectively), students were dissatisfied with the current indoor environmental conditions. Significant differences were also found between the responses of Portuguese and Spanish students. Indeed, Spanish students showed warmer preferences (thermal neutrality = 23.3℃) than Portuguese students (thermal neutrality = 20.7℃). In terms of involved indoor factors, the obtained data showed significant correlations (p < 0.001) between acoustic factors and overall satisfaction in the Portuguese students (ρ = 0.540) and between thermal factors and overall satisfaction in the Spanish students (ρ = 0.522). Therefore, indoor environmental conditions should be improved by keeping spaces safe while minimizing the impact of post-epidemic protocols on student learning performance.
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spelling Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and PortugalCOVID-19building managementbuilt environmentindoor environmental qualitynew-normal scenariosensor monitoringEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e TecnologiasScience & TechnologySaúde de qualidadePost-epidemic protocols have been implemented in public buildings to keep indoor environments safe. However, indoor environmental conditions are affected by this decision, which also affect the occupants of buildings. This fact has major implications in educational buildings, where the satisfaction and learning performance of students may also be affected. This study investigates the impact of post-epidemic protocols on indoor environmental conditions in higher education buildings of one Portuguese and one Spanish university. A sensor monitoring campaign combined with a simultaneous questionnaire was conducted during the reopening of the educational buildings. Results showed that although renewal air protocols were effective and the mean CO2 concentration levels remained low (742 ppm and 519 ppm in Portugal and Spain universities, respectively), students were dissatisfied with the current indoor environmental conditions. Significant differences were also found between the responses of Portuguese and Spanish students. Indeed, Spanish students showed warmer preferences (thermal neutrality = 23.3℃) than Portuguese students (thermal neutrality = 20.7℃). In terms of involved indoor factors, the obtained data showed significant correlations (p < 0.001) between acoustic factors and overall satisfaction in the Portuguese students (ρ = 0.540) and between thermal factors and overall satisfaction in the Spanish students (ρ = 0.522). Therefore, indoor environmental conditions should be improved by keeping spaces safe while minimizing the impact of post-epidemic protocols on student learning performance.The first two authors wish to thank the support of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain, under an FPU grant. This research was funded by the Consejo General de la Arquitectura Técnica (CGATE), and the State Research Agency (AEI) of Spain and European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) under project PID2019-108761RB-I00. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA.WileyUniversidade do Minhode la Hoz-Torres, María L.Aguilar, Antonio J.Costa, Nélson Bruno Martins Marques daArezes, P.Ruiz, Diego P.Martínez-Aires, María Dolores2022-052022-05-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/78129engde la Hoz‐Torres, M. L., Aguilar, A. J., Costa, N., Arezes, P., Ruiz, D. P., & Martínez‐Aires, M. D. (2022, May). Reopening higher education buildings in post‐epidemic COVID‐19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal. Indoor Air. Wiley. http://doi.org/10.1111/ina.130400905-69471600-066810.1111/ina.1304035622718https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.13040info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:40:38Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/78129Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:37:29.774171Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
title Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
spellingShingle Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
COVID-19
building management
built environment
indoor environmental quality
new-normal scenario
sensor monitoring
Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
Science & Technology
Saúde de qualidade
title_short Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
title_full Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
title_fullStr Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
title_full_unstemmed Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
title_sort Reopening higher education buildings in post-epidemic COVID-19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal
author de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
author_facet de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
Aguilar, Antonio J.
Costa, Nélson Bruno Martins Marques da
Arezes, P.
Ruiz, Diego P.
Martínez-Aires, María Dolores
author_role author
author2 Aguilar, Antonio J.
Costa, Nélson Bruno Martins Marques da
Arezes, P.
Ruiz, Diego P.
Martínez-Aires, María Dolores
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade do Minho
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
Aguilar, Antonio J.
Costa, Nélson Bruno Martins Marques da
Arezes, P.
Ruiz, Diego P.
Martínez-Aires, María Dolores
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv COVID-19
building management
built environment
indoor environmental quality
new-normal scenario
sensor monitoring
Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
Science & Technology
Saúde de qualidade
topic COVID-19
building management
built environment
indoor environmental quality
new-normal scenario
sensor monitoring
Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
Science & Technology
Saúde de qualidade
description Post-epidemic protocols have been implemented in public buildings to keep indoor environments safe. However, indoor environmental conditions are affected by this decision, which also affect the occupants of buildings. This fact has major implications in educational buildings, where the satisfaction and learning performance of students may also be affected. This study investigates the impact of post-epidemic protocols on indoor environmental conditions in higher education buildings of one Portuguese and one Spanish university. A sensor monitoring campaign combined with a simultaneous questionnaire was conducted during the reopening of the educational buildings. Results showed that although renewal air protocols were effective and the mean CO2 concentration levels remained low (742 ppm and 519 ppm in Portugal and Spain universities, respectively), students were dissatisfied with the current indoor environmental conditions. Significant differences were also found between the responses of Portuguese and Spanish students. Indeed, Spanish students showed warmer preferences (thermal neutrality = 23.3℃) than Portuguese students (thermal neutrality = 20.7℃). In terms of involved indoor factors, the obtained data showed significant correlations (p < 0.001) between acoustic factors and overall satisfaction in the Portuguese students (ρ = 0.540) and between thermal factors and overall satisfaction in the Spanish students (ρ = 0.522). Therefore, indoor environmental conditions should be improved by keeping spaces safe while minimizing the impact of post-epidemic protocols on student learning performance.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-05
2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78129
url https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78129
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv de la Hoz‐Torres, M. L., Aguilar, A. J., Costa, N., Arezes, P., Ruiz, D. P., & Martínez‐Aires, M. D. (2022, May). Reopening higher education buildings in post‐epidemic COVID‐19 scenario: monitoring and assessment of indoor environmental quality after implementing ventilation protocols in Spain and Portugal. Indoor Air. Wiley. http://doi.org/10.1111/ina.13040
0905-6947
1600-0668
10.1111/ina.13040
35622718
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.13040
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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