Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138376 |
Resumo: | The consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a growing problem in many communities. Moreover, new psychoactive substances (NPS) designed as (legal) substitutes to traditional illicit drugs are relatively easily available to the public through e-commerce and retail shops, but there is little knowledge regarding the extent and actual use of these substances. This study aims to gain new and complementary information on NPS and traditional illicit drug use at six music festivals across Europe by investigating wastewater and pooled urine. Samples were collected, between 2015 and 2018, at six music festivals across Europe with approximately 465.000 attendees. Wastewater samples were also collected during a period not coinciding with festivals. A wide-scope screening for 197 NPS, six illicit drugs and known metabolites was applied using different chromatography-mass spectrometric strategies. Several illicit drugs and in total 21 different NPS, mainly synthetic cathinones, phenethylamines and tryptamines, were identified in the samples. Ketamine and the traditional illicit drugs, such as amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabis and cocaine were most abundant and/or frequently detected in the samples collected, suggesting a higher use compared to NPS. The analyses of urine and wastewater is quick and a high number of attendees may be monitored anonymously by analysing only a few samples which allows identifying the local profiles of use of different drugs within a wide panel of psychoactive substances. This approach contributes to the development of an efficient surveillance system which can provide timely insight in the trends of NPS and illicit drugs use. |
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Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysisWastewater-based epidemiologyNew psychoactive substancesIllicit drugsPooled urineWastewaterMusic festivalsThe consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a growing problem in many communities. Moreover, new psychoactive substances (NPS) designed as (legal) substitutes to traditional illicit drugs are relatively easily available to the public through e-commerce and retail shops, but there is little knowledge regarding the extent and actual use of these substances. This study aims to gain new and complementary information on NPS and traditional illicit drug use at six music festivals across Europe by investigating wastewater and pooled urine. Samples were collected, between 2015 and 2018, at six music festivals across Europe with approximately 465.000 attendees. Wastewater samples were also collected during a period not coinciding with festivals. A wide-scope screening for 197 NPS, six illicit drugs and known metabolites was applied using different chromatography-mass spectrometric strategies. Several illicit drugs and in total 21 different NPS, mainly synthetic cathinones, phenethylamines and tryptamines, were identified in the samples. Ketamine and the traditional illicit drugs, such as amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabis and cocaine were most abundant and/or frequently detected in the samples collected, suggesting a higher use compared to NPS. The analyses of urine and wastewater is quick and a high number of attendees may be monitored anonymously by analysing only a few samples which allows identifying the local profiles of use of different drugs within a wide panel of psychoactive substances. This approach contributes to the development of an efficient surveillance system which can provide timely insight in the trends of NPS and illicit drugs use.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionElsevier2023-04-05T11:05:33Z2023-04-052020-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138376engBijlsma, L., Celma, A., Castiglioni, S., Salgueiro-González, N., Bou-Iserte, L., Baz-Lomba, J. A., Reid, M. J., Dias, M. J., Lopes, A., Matias, J., Pastor-Alcañiz, L., Radonić, J., Turk Sekulic, M., Shine, T., van Nuijs, A. L. N., Hernandez, F., & Zuccato, E. (2020). Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis. The Science of the total environment, 725, 1383761879-1026https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720318891http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBijlsma, L.Celma, A.Castiglioni, S.Salgueiro-González, N.Bou-Iserte, L.Baz-Lomba, J.A.Reid, M.J.Dias, M.J.Lopes, A.Matias, J.Pastor-Alcañiz, L.Radonić, J.Turk Sekulic, M.Shine, T.van Nuijs, A.L.N.Hernandez, F.Zuccato, E.reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-03T04:22:31Zoai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/44451Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T02:07:49.880727Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
title |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
spellingShingle |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis Bijlsma, L. Wastewater-based epidemiology New psychoactive substances Illicit drugs Pooled urine Wastewater Music festivals |
title_short |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
title_full |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
title_fullStr |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
title_sort |
Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis |
author |
Bijlsma, L. |
author_facet |
Bijlsma, L. Celma, A. Castiglioni, S. Salgueiro-González, N. Bou-Iserte, L. Baz-Lomba, J.A. Reid, M.J. Dias, M.J. Lopes, A. Matias, J. Pastor-Alcañiz, L. Radonić, J. Turk Sekulic, M. Shine, T. van Nuijs, A.L.N. Hernandez, F. Zuccato, E. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Celma, A. Castiglioni, S. Salgueiro-González, N. Bou-Iserte, L. Baz-Lomba, J.A. Reid, M.J. Dias, M.J. Lopes, A. Matias, J. Pastor-Alcañiz, L. Radonić, J. Turk Sekulic, M. Shine, T. van Nuijs, A.L.N. Hernandez, F. Zuccato, E. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bijlsma, L. Celma, A. Castiglioni, S. Salgueiro-González, N. Bou-Iserte, L. Baz-Lomba, J.A. Reid, M.J. Dias, M.J. Lopes, A. Matias, J. Pastor-Alcañiz, L. Radonić, J. Turk Sekulic, M. Shine, T. van Nuijs, A.L.N. Hernandez, F. Zuccato, E. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Wastewater-based epidemiology New psychoactive substances Illicit drugs Pooled urine Wastewater Music festivals |
topic |
Wastewater-based epidemiology New psychoactive substances Illicit drugs Pooled urine Wastewater Music festivals |
description |
The consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a growing problem in many communities. Moreover, new psychoactive substances (NPS) designed as (legal) substitutes to traditional illicit drugs are relatively easily available to the public through e-commerce and retail shops, but there is little knowledge regarding the extent and actual use of these substances. This study aims to gain new and complementary information on NPS and traditional illicit drug use at six music festivals across Europe by investigating wastewater and pooled urine. Samples were collected, between 2015 and 2018, at six music festivals across Europe with approximately 465.000 attendees. Wastewater samples were also collected during a period not coinciding with festivals. A wide-scope screening for 197 NPS, six illicit drugs and known metabolites was applied using different chromatography-mass spectrometric strategies. Several illicit drugs and in total 21 different NPS, mainly synthetic cathinones, phenethylamines and tryptamines, were identified in the samples. Ketamine and the traditional illicit drugs, such as amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabis and cocaine were most abundant and/or frequently detected in the samples collected, suggesting a higher use compared to NPS. The analyses of urine and wastewater is quick and a high number of attendees may be monitored anonymously by analysing only a few samples which allows identifying the local profiles of use of different drugs within a wide panel of psychoactive substances. This approach contributes to the development of an efficient surveillance system which can provide timely insight in the trends of NPS and illicit drugs use. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z 2023-04-05T11:05:33Z 2023-04-05 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451 http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138376 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44451 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138376 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Bijlsma, L., Celma, A., Castiglioni, S., Salgueiro-González, N., Bou-Iserte, L., Baz-Lomba, J. A., Reid, M. J., Dias, M. J., Lopes, A., Matias, J., Pastor-Alcañiz, L., Radonić, J., Turk Sekulic, M., Shine, T., van Nuijs, A. L. N., Hernandez, F., & Zuccato, E. (2020). Monitoring psychoactive substance use at six European festivals through wastewater and pooled urine analysis. The Science of the total environment, 725, 138376 1879-1026 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720318891 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799137166970847232 |