Funcionamento Familiar, Estilos Educativos Maternos e Vari?veis Psicol?gicas Maternas: autocompaix?o, autocriticismo e sintomatologia psicol?gica

• Autor(a) principal: S?, N?dia Filipa da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Sim?es, S?nia (Orientadora)
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ismt.pt/jspui/handle/123456789/991
• topic: Funcionamento familiar - Family functioning; Estilo educativo materno - Maternal rearing style; Aceita??o e contolo maternos - Maternal acceptance and control; Autocompaix?o - Self-compassion; Autocriticismo - Self-criticism; Sintomas psicopatol?gicos - Psychopathological symptoms

Objetivos: Examinar as associa??es entre funcionamento familiar, estilo educativo materno e vari?veis psicol?gicas maternas (autocompaix?o, autocriticismo e sintomatologia psicopatol?gica); Estudar as diferen?as no funcionamento familiar, no estilo educativo materno, na autocompaix?o, no autocriticismo e nos sintomas psicopatol?gicos em fun??o das vari?veis idade, habilita??es liter?rias e hist?ria psiqui?trica da m?e, rela??o entre a m?e e o pai, tipo de fam?lia, perce??o dos rendimentos familiares e idade do filho. Metodologia: A amostra foi constitu?da por 431 m?es (M = 39,37 anos; DP = 5,47; Min.= 23 e M?x. = 59 anos) que aceitaram responder ao protocolo do estudo composto por: Question?rio Sociodemogr?fico; ?ndice de Parentalidade autorizada (API); Systemic Clinical Outcome Routine Evolution (SCORE-15); Escala de Autocompaix?o (SELFCS); Escala das Formas do Autocriticismo e Autotranquiliza??o (FSCRS) e Invent?rio de Sintomas Psicopatol?gicos (BSI). Resultados: Os principais resultados sugerem que um pior funcionamento familiar associouse positivamente com a sintomatologia psicopatol?gica materna, com o autocriticismo materno e negativamente com um estilo educativo materno (menor aceita??o e controlo) e menor autocompaix?o materna. Por seu lado, um estilo educativo materno caracterizado por aceita??o apresentou uma associa??o positiva com a autocompaix?o materna e negativa com o autocriticismo e com a sintomatologia psicopatol?gica materna. J? o controlo materno correlacionou-se positivamente apenas com a subescala eu tranquilizador do autocriticismo. Ainda se confirmou que a sintomatologia psicopatol?gica se relacionou de forma positiva com o autocriticismo e, de forma negativa, com a autocompaix?o. Destaca-se, tamb?m, que m?es sem hist?ria psiqui?trica, que t?m uma rela??o boa/muito boa com o pai do filho e com rendimentos e habilita??es liter?rias mais elevados s?o mais autocompassivas e menos autocr?ticas e t?m um melhor funcionamento familiar. Por fim, as fam?lias nucleares evidenciam maior aceita??o materna e menos problemas de comunica??o familiar. Conclus?o: Visto que o funcionamento familiar e o estilo educativo materno (aceita??o) se relacionam entre si e, em paralelo, se relacionam com as vari?veis maternas estudadas (autocriticismo, autocompaix?o e sintomas psicopatol?gicos), ? pertinente ter estes dados em considera??o nos programas de preven??o e interven??o junto de fam?lias. / Objectives: Exam the associations between family function, maternal rearing style and maternal psychological variables (self-compassion, self-criticism and psychopathological symptomatology); Study the differences in family function, maternal rearing style, selfcompassion, self-criticism, and psychopathological symptoms, depending on the variables mother age, academic qualifications and psychiatric history, relationship between mother and father, family type, perception of family income, and age of the child. Method: This sample was composed by 431 mothers (M = 39.37 years; SD = 5,47; Min.-Max. = 23 - 59 years), who agreed to respond to the study protocol consisting of: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; The Authoritative Parenting Index (API); Systemic Clinical Outcome Routine Evolution (SCORE-15); Self-Compassion Scale (SELFCS); Forms of Self-Criticizing and Reassuring Scale (FSCRS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Results: The principal results suggest that poor family functioning was positively associated with maternal psychopathological symptomatology, maternal self-criticism and negatively with a maternal rearing style (less acceptance and control), as well as less maternal selfcompassion. We also found that a maternal rearing style characterized by acceptance was positively associated with maternal self-compassion and negatively with maternal selfcriticism and maternal psychopathological symptomatology. On the other hand, maternal control positively correlated only with the subscale self-reassuring of self-criticism. It was also confirmed that psychopathological symptoms were positively related to self-criticism and, negatively, to self-compassion. It is also noteworthy that mothers without psychiatric history, who have a good/very good relationship with the father of the child and with higher income and literacy qualifications, are more self-compassionate and less self-critic and have a better family functioning. Finally, nuclear families show greater maternal acceptance and less family communication problems. Conclusion: Since family functioning and the maternal educational style (acceptance) are related to each other and, in parallel, related to the maternal variables studied (self-criticism, self-compassion and psychopathological symptoms), it's pertinent to take these data into account in the prevention and intervention programs with families.