Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299 https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110786 |
Resumo: | Antibiotic resistance still remains a major global public health problem and the dispensing of antibiotics without a prescription at community pharmacies is an important driver of this. MEDLINE, Pubmed and EMBASE databases were used to search and identify studies reporting the dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in community pharmacies or drugstores that sell drugs for human use, by applying pharmacy interviews/questionnaires methods and/or simulated patient methods. Of the 4683 studies retrieved, 85 were included, of which 59 (69.4%) were published in low-and middle-income countries. Most of the papers (83.3%) presented a percentage of antibiotic dispensing without a prescription above 60.0%. Sixty-one studies evaluated the active substance and the most sold antibiotics without a prescription were amoxicillin (86.9%), azithromycin (39.3%), ciprofloxacin (39.3%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (39.3%). Among the 65 articles referencing the diseases/symptoms, this practice was shown to be mostly associated with respiratory system problems (100.0%), diarrhea (40.0%), and Urinary Tract Infections (30.8%). In sum, antibiotics are frequently dispensed without a prescription in many countries and can thus have an important impact on the development of resistance at a global level. Our results indicate the high need to implement educational and/or regulatory/administrative strategies in most countries, aiming to reduce this practice. |
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Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Reviewantibioticsnon-prescription antibiotic dispensingpharmacy practiceself-medicationAntibiotic resistance still remains a major global public health problem and the dispensing of antibiotics without a prescription at community pharmacies is an important driver of this. MEDLINE, Pubmed and EMBASE databases were used to search and identify studies reporting the dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in community pharmacies or drugstores that sell drugs for human use, by applying pharmacy interviews/questionnaires methods and/or simulated patient methods. Of the 4683 studies retrieved, 85 were included, of which 59 (69.4%) were published in low-and middle-income countries. Most of the papers (83.3%) presented a percentage of antibiotic dispensing without a prescription above 60.0%. Sixty-one studies evaluated the active substance and the most sold antibiotics without a prescription were amoxicillin (86.9%), azithromycin (39.3%), ciprofloxacin (39.3%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (39.3%). Among the 65 articles referencing the diseases/symptoms, this practice was shown to be mostly associated with respiratory system problems (100.0%), diarrhea (40.0%), and Urinary Tract Infections (30.8%). In sum, antibiotics are frequently dispensed without a prescription in many countries and can thus have an important impact on the development of resistance at a global level. Our results indicate the high need to implement educational and/or regulatory/administrative strategies in most countries, aiming to reduce this practice.2023-01-20T10:08:37Z2023-01-202020-11-07T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299http://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110786eng33171743Batista, Ana DanielaRodrigues, Daniela AFigueiras, AdolfoZapata-Cachafeiro, MaruxaRoque, FátimaHerdeiro, Maria Teresainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-14T02:59:55Zoai:bdigital.ipg.pt:10314/6299Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:44:12.286981Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
title |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
spellingShingle |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review Batista, Ana Daniela antibiotics non-prescription antibiotic dispensing pharmacy practice self-medication |
title_short |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
title_full |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
title_sort |
Antibiotic Dispensation without a Prescription Worldwide: A Systematic Review |
author |
Batista, Ana Daniela |
author_facet |
Batista, Ana Daniela Rodrigues, Daniela A Figueiras, Adolfo Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa Roque, Fátima Herdeiro, Maria Teresa |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Rodrigues, Daniela A Figueiras, Adolfo Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa Roque, Fátima Herdeiro, Maria Teresa |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Batista, Ana Daniela Rodrigues, Daniela A Figueiras, Adolfo Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa Roque, Fátima Herdeiro, Maria Teresa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
antibiotics non-prescription antibiotic dispensing pharmacy practice self-medication |
topic |
antibiotics non-prescription antibiotic dispensing pharmacy practice self-medication |
description |
Antibiotic resistance still remains a major global public health problem and the dispensing of antibiotics without a prescription at community pharmacies is an important driver of this. MEDLINE, Pubmed and EMBASE databases were used to search and identify studies reporting the dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in community pharmacies or drugstores that sell drugs for human use, by applying pharmacy interviews/questionnaires methods and/or simulated patient methods. Of the 4683 studies retrieved, 85 were included, of which 59 (69.4%) were published in low-and middle-income countries. Most of the papers (83.3%) presented a percentage of antibiotic dispensing without a prescription above 60.0%. Sixty-one studies evaluated the active substance and the most sold antibiotics without a prescription were amoxicillin (86.9%), azithromycin (39.3%), ciprofloxacin (39.3%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (39.3%). Among the 65 articles referencing the diseases/symptoms, this practice was shown to be mostly associated with respiratory system problems (100.0%), diarrhea (40.0%), and Urinary Tract Infections (30.8%). In sum, antibiotics are frequently dispensed without a prescription in many countries and can thus have an important impact on the development of resistance at a global level. Our results indicate the high need to implement educational and/or regulatory/administrative strategies in most countries, aiming to reduce this practice. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-11-07T00:00:00Z 2023-01-20T10:08:37Z 2023-01-20 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299 http://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299 https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110786 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10314/6299 https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110786 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
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33171743 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799136937351577600 |