Predictive factors of dialysisdependent chronic kidney disease associated with ANCA vasculites

• Autor(a) principal: Antunes,Ana L
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Outros Autores: Campos,Andreia, Santos,Sofia, Malheiro,Jorge, Aguiar,Pedro, Vizcaino,Ramon, Santos,Josefina, Lobato,Luisa, Cabrita,Antonio
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0872-01692014000200005
• topic: Chronic kidney disease; predictors; prognosis; ANCA vasculitis

Renal involvement in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis is frequent and, if there is no response to treatment, progression to end-stage renal disease is fast, leading to increased mortality. We evaluated several factors (clinical, analytical and histological) as predictors of progression to dialysis-dependent stage 5 chronic kidney disease within 2 years after diagnosis of kidney biopsy-proven ANCA-associated vasculitis (outcome), between 1997 and 2010. Twenty-seven patients (16 men, mean age 58 years) met the inclusion criteria. The most common extra-renal manifestations were haematological (93%) and systemic symptoms (70%). At the time of biopsy, mean creatinine and proteinuria were 5.11 ± 2.5mg/dL and 2.36 ± 2.1g/day, respectively. The majority of patients (81%) had ANCA against myeloperoxidase. The induction therapy was with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide in 71%; 40% received maintenance treatment with azathioprine. At 2 years, 12 patients (27.44%) began renal replacement therapy (RRT). Only a higher serum creatinine at diagnosis, within the clinical and analytical variables analysed, was a significant predictor of renal outcome (odds ratio (OR) = 1.73, p = 0.046) in a logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex. We developed a histological index (0 to 1 point considering the absence or presence of: < 30% of normal glomeruli, &gt; 50% cellular crescents, &gt; 30% glomerulosclerosis, moderate-severe tubular atrophy and interstitial infiltrate), which was associated with renal prognosis at 2 years (OR = 2.07, p = 0.043). This means that for each 1-point increase in the created index the likelihood of needing to RRT to 2 years rises 2.1 times. We then stratified the histological variables into glomerular and tubulointerstitial findings. We found that only the glomerular findings (OR = 4.99, p = 0.049) were independent predictors of the outcome, with glomerulosclerosis (OR = 16.7, p = 0.04) being the most significant. We concluded that baseline serum creatinine and glomerular histological findings were independent predictors of the renal prognosis and may prove helpful in the management of these patients.