Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 1981 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905 |
Resumo: | The liver occupies a major role in metabolic homeostasis with important functions in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Abnormalities in glucose homeostasis are common in all forms of liver disease although fasting hypoglycaemia is surprisingly rare. Blood concentrations of the gluconeogenic precursors, lactate and pyruvate, are raised in liver disease, particularly hepatic cirrhosis, although glucogenic amino acid levels tend not to be raised except in hepatic coma. The lipid fuels, non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol, are present in elevated concentration in plasma although ketone body levels tend not to be raised. Plasma triglycerides show variable changes. The metabolic hormones, insulin, glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone both act on and are degraded by, the liver, while catecholamines and thyroid hormones also have major effects on normal hepatic metabolism. In liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, insulin degradation is impaired, with consequent hyperinsulinaemia. There is also insulin resistance due presumably to impaired action of insulin on the liver. Growth hormone levels tend to show paradoxical elevation, while cortisol half-life is prolonged although levels are only variably raised. Plasma glucagon levels are raised only in association with severe liver damage although glucagon action on liver is more often impaired. The changes in metabolic functions of the liver in liver disease may be explained by the combination of parenchymal damage and disordered hormonal action, although changes are less than expected owing to the large reserve capacity of the liver. |
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Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease.The liver occupies a major role in metabolic homeostasis with important functions in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Abnormalities in glucose homeostasis are common in all forms of liver disease although fasting hypoglycaemia is surprisingly rare. Blood concentrations of the gluconeogenic precursors, lactate and pyruvate, are raised in liver disease, particularly hepatic cirrhosis, although glucogenic amino acid levels tend not to be raised except in hepatic coma. The lipid fuels, non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol, are present in elevated concentration in plasma although ketone body levels tend not to be raised. Plasma triglycerides show variable changes. The metabolic hormones, insulin, glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone both act on and are degraded by, the liver, while catecholamines and thyroid hormones also have major effects on normal hepatic metabolism. In liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, insulin degradation is impaired, with consequent hyperinsulinaemia. There is also insulin resistance due presumably to impaired action of insulin on the liver. Growth hormone levels tend to show paradoxical elevation, while cortisol half-life is prolonged although levels are only variably raised. Plasma glucagon levels are raised only in association with severe liver damage although glucagon action on liver is more often impaired. The changes in metabolic functions of the liver in liver disease may be explained by the combination of parenchymal damage and disordered hormonal action, although changes are less than expected owing to the large reserve capacity of the liver.Ordem dos Médicos1981-12-31info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3905Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 3 (1981): Suplemento 2; 35-47Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 3 (1981): Suplemento 2; 35-471646-07580870-399Xreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPporhttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905/3163Alberti, K. G. M. M.Johnston, D. G.Piniewska-Hulas, M.Whittaker, J.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-12-20T11:03:04Zoai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3905Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:18:38.155603Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
title |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
spellingShingle |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. Alberti, K. G. M. M. |
title_short |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
title_full |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
title_fullStr |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
title_sort |
Disturbances of metabolic homeostasis is liver disease. |
author |
Alberti, K. G. M. M. |
author_facet |
Alberti, K. G. M. M. Johnston, D. G. Piniewska-Hulas, M. Whittaker, J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Johnston, D. G. Piniewska-Hulas, M. Whittaker, J. |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Alberti, K. G. M. M. Johnston, D. G. Piniewska-Hulas, M. Whittaker, J. |
description |
The liver occupies a major role in metabolic homeostasis with important functions in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Abnormalities in glucose homeostasis are common in all forms of liver disease although fasting hypoglycaemia is surprisingly rare. Blood concentrations of the gluconeogenic precursors, lactate and pyruvate, are raised in liver disease, particularly hepatic cirrhosis, although glucogenic amino acid levels tend not to be raised except in hepatic coma. The lipid fuels, non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol, are present in elevated concentration in plasma although ketone body levels tend not to be raised. Plasma triglycerides show variable changes. The metabolic hormones, insulin, glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone both act on and are degraded by, the liver, while catecholamines and thyroid hormones also have major effects on normal hepatic metabolism. In liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, insulin degradation is impaired, with consequent hyperinsulinaemia. There is also insulin resistance due presumably to impaired action of insulin on the liver. Growth hormone levels tend to show paradoxical elevation, while cortisol half-life is prolonged although levels are only variably raised. Plasma glucagon levels are raised only in association with severe liver damage although glucagon action on liver is more often impaired. The changes in metabolic functions of the liver in liver disease may be explained by the combination of parenchymal damage and disordered hormonal action, although changes are less than expected owing to the large reserve capacity of the liver. |
publishDate |
1981 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
1981-12-31 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905 oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3905 |
url |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905 |
identifier_str_mv |
oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/3905 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905 https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/3905/3163 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ordem dos Médicos |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ordem dos Médicos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 3 (1981): Suplemento 2; 35-47 Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 3 (1981): Suplemento 2; 35-47 1646-0758 0870-399X reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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