Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Duarte, Carlos B.
Data de Publicação: 1999
Outros Autores: Santos, Paulo F., Carvalho, Arsélio P.
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991115)58:4<475::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-O
Resumo: The Dale's law postulates that a neuron releases the same neurotransmitter from all its branches. In the case of mulitple neurotransmitters it would require all transmitters to be released from all branches. The retinal cholinergic amacrine cells contain and release &ggr;-aminobutyric (GABA) and, therefore, if GABA and acetylcholine (ACh) are released at the same sites, this could mean that amacrine cells simultaneously excite and inhibit postsynaptic cells. Conversely, if the two neurotransmitters are released at different synapses, or if their release is regulated in a distinct manner, they may play different physiological roles. Recent studies carried out in cultured cholinergic amacrine-like neurons showed that Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA have a different sensitivity to membrane depolarization, to the effect of blockers of voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) and to the effect of presynaptic A1 adenosine receptors. Therefore, it is proposed that in retinal amacrine cells the Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA occurs at distinct cellular locations. The possible nature of these release sites and the physiological significance of this model are discussed in this review.J. Neurosci. Res. 58: 475-479, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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spelling Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significanceThe Dale's law postulates that a neuron releases the same neurotransmitter from all its branches. In the case of mulitple neurotransmitters it would require all transmitters to be released from all branches. The retinal cholinergic amacrine cells contain and release &ggr;-aminobutyric (GABA) and, therefore, if GABA and acetylcholine (ACh) are released at the same sites, this could mean that amacrine cells simultaneously excite and inhibit postsynaptic cells. Conversely, if the two neurotransmitters are released at different synapses, or if their release is regulated in a distinct manner, they may play different physiological roles. Recent studies carried out in cultured cholinergic amacrine-like neurons showed that Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA have a different sensitivity to membrane depolarization, to the effect of blockers of voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) and to the effect of presynaptic A1 adenosine receptors. Therefore, it is proposed that in retinal amacrine cells the Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA occurs at distinct cellular locations. The possible nature of these release sites and the physiological significance of this model are discussed in this review.J. Neurosci. Res. 58: 475-479, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.1999info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328http://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991115)58:4<475::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-OengJournal of Neuroscience Research. 58:4 (1999) 475-479Duarte, Carlos B.Santos, Paulo F.Carvalho, Arsélio P.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2020-05-27T16:14:55Zoai:estudogeral.uc.pt:10316/8328Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:55:31.635150Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
title Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
spellingShingle Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
Duarte, Carlos B.
title_short Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
title_full Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
title_fullStr Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
title_full_unstemmed Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
title_sort Corelease of two functionally opposite neurotransmitters by retinal amacrine cells: Experimental evidence and functional significance
author Duarte, Carlos B.
author_facet Duarte, Carlos B.
Santos, Paulo F.
Carvalho, Arsélio P.
author_role author
author2 Santos, Paulo F.
Carvalho, Arsélio P.
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Duarte, Carlos B.
Santos, Paulo F.
Carvalho, Arsélio P.
description The Dale's law postulates that a neuron releases the same neurotransmitter from all its branches. In the case of mulitple neurotransmitters it would require all transmitters to be released from all branches. The retinal cholinergic amacrine cells contain and release &ggr;-aminobutyric (GABA) and, therefore, if GABA and acetylcholine (ACh) are released at the same sites, this could mean that amacrine cells simultaneously excite and inhibit postsynaptic cells. Conversely, if the two neurotransmitters are released at different synapses, or if their release is regulated in a distinct manner, they may play different physiological roles. Recent studies carried out in cultured cholinergic amacrine-like neurons showed that Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA have a different sensitivity to membrane depolarization, to the effect of blockers of voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) and to the effect of presynaptic A1 adenosine receptors. Therefore, it is proposed that in retinal amacrine cells the Ca2+-dependent release of ACh and GABA occurs at distinct cellular locations. The possible nature of these release sites and the physiological significance of this model are discussed in this review.J. Neurosci. Res. 58: 475-479, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
publishDate 1999
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 1999
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991115)58:4<475::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-O
url http://hdl.handle.net/10316/8328
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991115)58:4<475::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-O
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Neuroscience Research. 58:4 (1999) 475-479
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