Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/11328/762 |
Resumo: | Fairness in access to HE is unarguably a subject of paramount importance. Wherever a student’s secondary school scores are relevant for access to HE, grade inflation practices may jeopardize fair access. Pressures for high grading are common in the context of educational consumerism and competition between schools and students. However, they are not equally distributed across different types of schools, given that they have distinct relationships with the State and the market, and work with distinct populations. Specifi- cally, the schools that are more subject to market pressures (namely private schools) are, in principle at least, the ones with more incentives to inflate their students’ grades. This paper presents an empirical study based on a large, 11 years database on scores in upper sec- ondary education in Portugal, probing for systematic differences in grade inflation prac- tices by four types of schools: public schools, government-dependent private schools, independent (fee-paying) private schools, and specially funded public schools in disad- vantaged areas (TEIP schools). More than 3 million valid cases were analysed. Our results clearly show that independent private schools inflate their students’ scores when compared to the other types of schools. They also show that this discrepancy is higher where scores matter most in competition for HE access. This means that—usually wealthier—students from private independent schools benefit from an unfair advantage in the competition for |
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Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal.Access to HEGrade inflationPublic and private secondary schoolingEducational consumerismFairness in access to HE is unarguably a subject of paramount importance. Wherever a student’s secondary school scores are relevant for access to HE, grade inflation practices may jeopardize fair access. Pressures for high grading are common in the context of educational consumerism and competition between schools and students. However, they are not equally distributed across different types of schools, given that they have distinct relationships with the State and the market, and work with distinct populations. Specifi- cally, the schools that are more subject to market pressures (namely private schools) are, in principle at least, the ones with more incentives to inflate their students’ grades. This paper presents an empirical study based on a large, 11 years database on scores in upper sec- ondary education in Portugal, probing for systematic differences in grade inflation prac- tices by four types of schools: public schools, government-dependent private schools, independent (fee-paying) private schools, and specially funded public schools in disad- vantaged areas (TEIP schools). More than 3 million valid cases were analysed. Our results clearly show that independent private schools inflate their students’ scores when compared to the other types of schools. They also show that this discrepancy is higher where scores matter most in competition for HE access. This means that—usually wealthier—students from private independent schools benefit from an unfair advantage in the competition for2014-06-03T15:41:33Z2014-01-01T00:00:00Z2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11328/762engNata, GilPereira, Maria JoãoNeves, Tiagoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-06-15T02:09:00ZPortal AgregadorONG |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
title |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
spellingShingle |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. Nata, Gil Access to HE Grade inflation Public and private secondary schooling Educational consumerism |
title_short |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
title_full |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
title_fullStr |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
title_sort |
Unfairness in access to higher education: a 11 year comparison of grade inflation by private and public secondary schools in Portugal. |
author |
Nata, Gil |
author_facet |
Nata, Gil Pereira, Maria João Neves, Tiago |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pereira, Maria João Neves, Tiago |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nata, Gil Pereira, Maria João Neves, Tiago |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Access to HE Grade inflation Public and private secondary schooling Educational consumerism |
topic |
Access to HE Grade inflation Public and private secondary schooling Educational consumerism |
description |
Fairness in access to HE is unarguably a subject of paramount importance. Wherever a student’s secondary school scores are relevant for access to HE, grade inflation practices may jeopardize fair access. Pressures for high grading are common in the context of educational consumerism and competition between schools and students. However, they are not equally distributed across different types of schools, given that they have distinct relationships with the State and the market, and work with distinct populations. Specifi- cally, the schools that are more subject to market pressures (namely private schools) are, in principle at least, the ones with more incentives to inflate their students’ grades. This paper presents an empirical study based on a large, 11 years database on scores in upper sec- ondary education in Portugal, probing for systematic differences in grade inflation prac- tices by four types of schools: public schools, government-dependent private schools, independent (fee-paying) private schools, and specially funded public schools in disad- vantaged areas (TEIP schools). More than 3 million valid cases were analysed. Our results clearly show that independent private schools inflate their students’ scores when compared to the other types of schools. They also show that this discrepancy is higher where scores matter most in competition for HE access. This means that—usually wealthier—students from private independent schools benefit from an unfair advantage in the competition for |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-06-03T15:41:33Z 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z 2014 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11328/762 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11328/762 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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