Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Maia, Carla
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Fraga, Deborah Bittencourt Mothé, Cristóvão, José, Borja, Lairton Souza, Da Silva Solcà, Manuela, Campino, Lenea, Veras, Patrícia Sampaio Tavares, Gonçalves, Luzia
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/140572
Resumo: Background: Zoonotic leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in several countries of the Mediterranean Basin, Latin America, and Asia. Dogs are the main hosts and reservoirs of human infection. Thus, from a One Health perspective, early diagnosis of Leishmania infection in dogs is essential to control the dissemination of the parasite among other dogs and to humans. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnosis accuracy of three serological tests to detect antibodies to Leishmania in dogs from two endemic settings using Bayesian latent class models (BLCM). Methods: A total of 378 dogs from two Portuguese and Brazilian endemic areas of leishmaniosis (194 animals from Portugal and 184 from Brazil) were screened. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies was performed using two commercial ELISA (L. infantum IgG-ELISA® and EIE-LVC®) and a rapid immunochromatographic test (DPP-LVC®). Bayesian latent class models were used to estimate Leishmania infection prevalence, together with sensitivities and specificities of the three diagnostic tests, in the two dog populations simultaneously. Predictive values were also calculated. Credibility intervals (CI) were obtained, considering different types of prior information. Results: A posterior median Leishmania seroprevalence of 13.4% (95% CI 9.0–18.7) and of 21.6% (15.0–28.3) was estimated to the Portuguese and Brazilian dog subpopulations, respectively. The Bayesian analysis indicated that all tests were highly specific (specificity above 90%), and that the DPP-LVC® was more sensitive (96.6%; 83.1–99.9) than both ELISAs in the Portuguese subpopulation, while in the Brazilian subpopulation, EIE-LVC® and L. infantum IgG-ELISA®, had the highest sensitivity (88.2%; 73.7–97.0) and specificity (98.7%; 95.1–99.9), respectively. Conclusions: In general, the levels of diagnosis accuracy of the three serological tests to detect Leishmania antibodies assessed by BLCM indicate their utility in canine epidemiological studies. The same approach should be used to assess the performance of these techniques in the clinical management of infected and sick dogs using representative samples from the wide spectrum of clinical situations, namely from subclinical infection to manifest disease. The low positive predictive value of the serological tests used in the current protocol of the Brazilian Ministry of Health suggests that they should not be used individually and may not be sufficient to target reservoir-based control interventions. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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spelling Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)evaluation of three serological tests using Bayesian Latent Class ModelsInfectious DiseasesParasitologySDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingBackground: Zoonotic leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in several countries of the Mediterranean Basin, Latin America, and Asia. Dogs are the main hosts and reservoirs of human infection. Thus, from a One Health perspective, early diagnosis of Leishmania infection in dogs is essential to control the dissemination of the parasite among other dogs and to humans. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnosis accuracy of three serological tests to detect antibodies to Leishmania in dogs from two endemic settings using Bayesian latent class models (BLCM). Methods: A total of 378 dogs from two Portuguese and Brazilian endemic areas of leishmaniosis (194 animals from Portugal and 184 from Brazil) were screened. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies was performed using two commercial ELISA (L. infantum IgG-ELISA® and EIE-LVC®) and a rapid immunochromatographic test (DPP-LVC®). Bayesian latent class models were used to estimate Leishmania infection prevalence, together with sensitivities and specificities of the three diagnostic tests, in the two dog populations simultaneously. Predictive values were also calculated. Credibility intervals (CI) were obtained, considering different types of prior information. Results: A posterior median Leishmania seroprevalence of 13.4% (95% CI 9.0–18.7) and of 21.6% (15.0–28.3) was estimated to the Portuguese and Brazilian dog subpopulations, respectively. The Bayesian analysis indicated that all tests were highly specific (specificity above 90%), and that the DPP-LVC® was more sensitive (96.6%; 83.1–99.9) than both ELISAs in the Portuguese subpopulation, while in the Brazilian subpopulation, EIE-LVC® and L. infantum IgG-ELISA®, had the highest sensitivity (88.2%; 73.7–97.0) and specificity (98.7%; 95.1–99.9), respectively. Conclusions: In general, the levels of diagnosis accuracy of the three serological tests to detect Leishmania antibodies assessed by BLCM indicate their utility in canine epidemiological studies. The same approach should be used to assess the performance of these techniques in the clinical management of infected and sick dogs using representative samples from the wide spectrum of clinical situations, namely from subclinical infection to manifest disease. The low positive predictive value of the serological tests used in the current protocol of the Brazilian Ministry of Health suggests that they should not be used individually and may not be sufficient to target reservoir-based control interventions. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT)Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM)Vector borne diseases and pathogens (VBD)Population health, policies and services (PPS)RUNMaia, CarlaFraga, Deborah Bittencourt MothéCristóvão, JoséBorja, Lairton SouzaDa Silva Solcà, ManuelaCampino, LeneaVeras, Patrícia Sampaio TavaresGonçalves, Luzia2022-06-22T22:28:29Z2022-12-012022-12-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/140572eng1756-3305PURE: 44891688https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05328-1info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T05:17:44Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/140572Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:49:43.252269Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
evaluation of three serological tests using Bayesian Latent Class Models
title Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
spellingShingle Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
Maia, Carla
Infectious Diseases
Parasitology
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
title_short Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
title_full Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
title_fullStr Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
title_full_unstemmed Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
title_sort Leishmania exposure in dogs from two endemic countries from New and Old Worlds (Brazil and Portugal)
author Maia, Carla
author_facet Maia, Carla
Fraga, Deborah Bittencourt Mothé
Cristóvão, José
Borja, Lairton Souza
Da Silva Solcà, Manuela
Campino, Lenea
Veras, Patrícia Sampaio Tavares
Gonçalves, Luzia
author_role author
author2 Fraga, Deborah Bittencourt Mothé
Cristóvão, José
Borja, Lairton Souza
Da Silva Solcà, Manuela
Campino, Lenea
Veras, Patrícia Sampaio Tavares
Gonçalves, Luzia
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT)
Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM)
Vector borne diseases and pathogens (VBD)
Population health, policies and services (PPS)
RUN
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Maia, Carla
Fraga, Deborah Bittencourt Mothé
Cristóvão, José
Borja, Lairton Souza
Da Silva Solcà, Manuela
Campino, Lenea
Veras, Patrícia Sampaio Tavares
Gonçalves, Luzia
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Infectious Diseases
Parasitology
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
topic Infectious Diseases
Parasitology
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
description Background: Zoonotic leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in several countries of the Mediterranean Basin, Latin America, and Asia. Dogs are the main hosts and reservoirs of human infection. Thus, from a One Health perspective, early diagnosis of Leishmania infection in dogs is essential to control the dissemination of the parasite among other dogs and to humans. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnosis accuracy of three serological tests to detect antibodies to Leishmania in dogs from two endemic settings using Bayesian latent class models (BLCM). Methods: A total of 378 dogs from two Portuguese and Brazilian endemic areas of leishmaniosis (194 animals from Portugal and 184 from Brazil) were screened. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies was performed using two commercial ELISA (L. infantum IgG-ELISA® and EIE-LVC®) and a rapid immunochromatographic test (DPP-LVC®). Bayesian latent class models were used to estimate Leishmania infection prevalence, together with sensitivities and specificities of the three diagnostic tests, in the two dog populations simultaneously. Predictive values were also calculated. Credibility intervals (CI) were obtained, considering different types of prior information. Results: A posterior median Leishmania seroprevalence of 13.4% (95% CI 9.0–18.7) and of 21.6% (15.0–28.3) was estimated to the Portuguese and Brazilian dog subpopulations, respectively. The Bayesian analysis indicated that all tests were highly specific (specificity above 90%), and that the DPP-LVC® was more sensitive (96.6%; 83.1–99.9) than both ELISAs in the Portuguese subpopulation, while in the Brazilian subpopulation, EIE-LVC® and L. infantum IgG-ELISA®, had the highest sensitivity (88.2%; 73.7–97.0) and specificity (98.7%; 95.1–99.9), respectively. Conclusions: In general, the levels of diagnosis accuracy of the three serological tests to detect Leishmania antibodies assessed by BLCM indicate their utility in canine epidemiological studies. The same approach should be used to assess the performance of these techniques in the clinical management of infected and sick dogs using representative samples from the wide spectrum of clinical situations, namely from subclinical infection to manifest disease. The low positive predictive value of the serological tests used in the current protocol of the Brazilian Ministry of Health suggests that they should not be used individually and may not be sufficient to target reservoir-based control interventions. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-06-22T22:28:29Z
2022-12-01
2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10362/140572
url http://hdl.handle.net/10362/140572
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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PURE: 44891688
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05328-1
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