Mapeamento sistémico do jogo de Voleibol masculino no alto nível através da análise de redes sociais

• Autor(a) principal: Manuel Reis Loureiro
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87488
• topic: Outras ciências sociais; Other social sciences

In order to promote better practices, it is mandatory to pursue a deep understanding concerning the game's requirements. The purpose of this dissertation was to conduct a global systemic analysis of volleyball game variables and their interactions. For that purpose, we used Social Network Analysis (SNA). Game actions were counted as nodes and their interactions as edges. Eigenvector centrality values (which weights each connection in the context of all the interactions) were calculated for each node. Eight matches of the FIVB's Men's World Cup'2015 were analysed, in a total of 27 sets (1,209 rallies). Six game complexes were considered: K0 (Serve), KI (Side-out), KII (Side-out transition), KIII (Transition) KIV (Attack-coverage) and KV (Freeball and Downball). The software used to that was Gephi© 0.8.2-beta (Version 10.10.3, France). Results showed that teams frequently played in-system (i.e. under ideal conditions) within KI, even though they used lower variation in attack zones and tempos. In KII teams most often played out-of-system (i.e. under non-ideal conditions). The KIV and KV presented very distinct structures. In KIV most of the teams played "off-system", while the inverse occurred in KV. Based on these findings, it is suggested that practicing under non-ideal conditions is paramount for achieving a sound performance in KII and KIV. Furthermore, while most literature combines KII and KIII in a single unit of analysis (counter-attack), even to the extent of including the KIV and KV here, our results reinforce the notion that these game complexes differ and should be analysed separately, as an aggregated analysis would likely induce many errors and hide the specificities inherent to each game complex. The existence of relevant functional differences in the game complexes had already been exposed by Monge, both in his Doctoral Thesis and in a collection of technical papers. Notwithstanding, scientific investigation in volleyball has not incorporated these premises, meaning that the vision they provide of the game is likely impaired. In light of these concerns, we believe research should urgently adopt Monge's framework if a thorough understanding of the game and its complexes is warranted. In addition, out-of-system play emerged as an Introdução xiv important part of the game, meaning that practice should incorporate training under non-ideal playing conditions.