Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/9562 |
Resumo: | In coastal and estuarine systems, foundation species like seagrasses, mangroves, saltmarshes or corals provide important ecosystem services. Seagrasses are globally declining and their reintroduction has been shown to restore ecosystem functions. However, seagrass restoration is often challenging, given the dynamic and stressful environment that seagrasses often grow in. From our world-wide meta-analysis of seagrass restoration trials (1786 trials), we describe general features and best practice for seagrass restoration. We confirm that removal of threats is important prior to replanting. Reduced water quality (mainly eutrophication), and construction activities led to poorer restoration success than, for instance, dredging, local direct impact and natural causes. Proximity to and recovery of donor beds were positively correlated with trial performance. Planting techniques can influence restoration success. The meta-analysis shows that both trial survival and seagrass population growth rate in trials that survived are positively affected by the number of plants or seeds initially transplanted. This relationship between restoration scale and restoration success was not related to trial characteristics of the initial restoration. The majority of the seagrass restoration trials have been very small, which may explain the low overall trial survival rate (i.e. estimated 37%). Successful regrowth of the foundation seagrass species appears to require crossing a minimum threshold of reintroduced individuals. Our study provides the first global field evidence for the requirement of a critical mass for recovery, which may also hold for other foundation species showing strong positive feedback to a dynamic environment.Synthesis and applications. For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration.For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration. |
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Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale plantingIn coastal and estuarine systems, foundation species like seagrasses, mangroves, saltmarshes or corals provide important ecosystem services. Seagrasses are globally declining and their reintroduction has been shown to restore ecosystem functions. However, seagrass restoration is often challenging, given the dynamic and stressful environment that seagrasses often grow in. From our world-wide meta-analysis of seagrass restoration trials (1786 trials), we describe general features and best practice for seagrass restoration. We confirm that removal of threats is important prior to replanting. Reduced water quality (mainly eutrophication), and construction activities led to poorer restoration success than, for instance, dredging, local direct impact and natural causes. Proximity to and recovery of donor beds were positively correlated with trial performance. Planting techniques can influence restoration success. The meta-analysis shows that both trial survival and seagrass population growth rate in trials that survived are positively affected by the number of plants or seeds initially transplanted. This relationship between restoration scale and restoration success was not related to trial characteristics of the initial restoration. The majority of the seagrass restoration trials have been very small, which may explain the low overall trial survival rate (i.e. estimated 37%). Successful regrowth of the foundation seagrass species appears to require crossing a minimum threshold of reintroduced individuals. Our study provides the first global field evidence for the requirement of a critical mass for recovery, which may also hold for other foundation species showing strong positive feedback to a dynamic environment.Synthesis and applications. For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration.For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration.Sapientiavan Katwijk, Marieke M.Thorhaug, AnitraMarba, NuriaOrth, Robert J.Duarte, Carlos M.Kendrick, Gary A.Althuizen, Inge H. J.Balestri, ElenaBernard, GuillaumeCambridge, Marion L.Cunha, AlexandraDurance, CynthiaGiesen, WimHan, QiuyingHosokawa, ShinyaKiswara, WawanKomatsu, TeruhisaLardicci, ClaudioLee, Kun-SeopMeinesz, AlexandreNakaoka, MasahiroO'Brien, Katherine R.Paling, Erik I.Pickerell, ChrisRansijn, Aryan M. A.Verduin, Jennifer J.2017-04-07T15:56:56Z2016-042016-04-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/9562eng0021-890110.1111/1365-2664.12562info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-24T10:21:03Zoai:sapientia.ualg.pt:10400.1/9562Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:01:28.734914Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
title |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
spellingShingle |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting van Katwijk, Marieke M. |
title_short |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
title_full |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
title_fullStr |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
title_sort |
Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting |
author |
van Katwijk, Marieke M. |
author_facet |
van Katwijk, Marieke M. Thorhaug, Anitra Marba, Nuria Orth, Robert J. Duarte, Carlos M. Kendrick, Gary A. Althuizen, Inge H. J. Balestri, Elena Bernard, Guillaume Cambridge, Marion L. Cunha, Alexandra Durance, Cynthia Giesen, Wim Han, Qiuying Hosokawa, Shinya Kiswara, Wawan Komatsu, Teruhisa Lardicci, Claudio Lee, Kun-Seop Meinesz, Alexandre Nakaoka, Masahiro O'Brien, Katherine R. Paling, Erik I. Pickerell, Chris Ransijn, Aryan M. A. Verduin, Jennifer J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Thorhaug, Anitra Marba, Nuria Orth, Robert J. Duarte, Carlos M. Kendrick, Gary A. Althuizen, Inge H. J. Balestri, Elena Bernard, Guillaume Cambridge, Marion L. Cunha, Alexandra Durance, Cynthia Giesen, Wim Han, Qiuying Hosokawa, Shinya Kiswara, Wawan Komatsu, Teruhisa Lardicci, Claudio Lee, Kun-Seop Meinesz, Alexandre Nakaoka, Masahiro O'Brien, Katherine R. Paling, Erik I. Pickerell, Chris Ransijn, Aryan M. A. Verduin, Jennifer J. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Sapientia |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
van Katwijk, Marieke M. Thorhaug, Anitra Marba, Nuria Orth, Robert J. Duarte, Carlos M. Kendrick, Gary A. Althuizen, Inge H. J. Balestri, Elena Bernard, Guillaume Cambridge, Marion L. Cunha, Alexandra Durance, Cynthia Giesen, Wim Han, Qiuying Hosokawa, Shinya Kiswara, Wawan Komatsu, Teruhisa Lardicci, Claudio Lee, Kun-Seop Meinesz, Alexandre Nakaoka, Masahiro O'Brien, Katherine R. Paling, Erik I. Pickerell, Chris Ransijn, Aryan M. A. Verduin, Jennifer J. |
description |
In coastal and estuarine systems, foundation species like seagrasses, mangroves, saltmarshes or corals provide important ecosystem services. Seagrasses are globally declining and their reintroduction has been shown to restore ecosystem functions. However, seagrass restoration is often challenging, given the dynamic and stressful environment that seagrasses often grow in. From our world-wide meta-analysis of seagrass restoration trials (1786 trials), we describe general features and best practice for seagrass restoration. We confirm that removal of threats is important prior to replanting. Reduced water quality (mainly eutrophication), and construction activities led to poorer restoration success than, for instance, dredging, local direct impact and natural causes. Proximity to and recovery of donor beds were positively correlated with trial performance. Planting techniques can influence restoration success. The meta-analysis shows that both trial survival and seagrass population growth rate in trials that survived are positively affected by the number of plants or seeds initially transplanted. This relationship between restoration scale and restoration success was not related to trial characteristics of the initial restoration. The majority of the seagrass restoration trials have been very small, which may explain the low overall trial survival rate (i.e. estimated 37%). Successful regrowth of the foundation seagrass species appears to require crossing a minimum threshold of reintroduced individuals. Our study provides the first global field evidence for the requirement of a critical mass for recovery, which may also hold for other foundation species showing strong positive feedback to a dynamic environment.Synthesis and applications. For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration.For effective restoration of seagrass foundation species in its typically dynamic, stressful environment, introduction of large numbers is seen to be beneficial and probably serves two purposes. First, a large-scale planting increases trial survival - large numbers ensure the spread of risks, which is needed to overcome high natural variability. Secondly, a large-scale trial increases population growth rate by enhancing self-sustaining feedback, which is generally found in foundation species in stressful environments such as seagrass beds. Thus, by careful site selection and applying appropriate techniques, spreading of risks and enhancing self-sustaining feedback in concert increase success of seagrass restoration. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-04 2016-04-01T00:00:00Z 2017-04-07T15:56:56Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/9562 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/9562 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0021-8901 10.1111/1365-2664.12562 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799133243942895616 |