Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/28803 |
Resumo: | Applying data-reduction techniques to extract meaningful information from electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) has become a hot topic in football training load (TL) monitoring. The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a principal component approach, to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with a Monte Carlo parallel analysis and VariMax rotation to extract baseline characteristics, external TL, heart rate (HR)-based measures and perceived exertion. Training data were collected from sixty sub-elite young football players during a 6-week training period using 18 Hz global positioning system (GPS) with inertial sensors, 1 Hz short-range telemetry system, total quality recovery (TQR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Five principal components accounted for 68.7% of the total variance explained in the training data. Resultant equations from PCA was subdivided into: (1) explosiveness, accelerations and impacts (27.4%); (2) high-speed running (16.2%); (3) HR-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); and (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest factor in each principal component, decelerations (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the most representative components during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Futures research should expand the resultant equations within training days, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical skills and match-related contextual factors. |
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Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approachYouthWorkloadSoccerGlobal positioning systemPCAResearch Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::SportsApplying data-reduction techniques to extract meaningful information from electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) has become a hot topic in football training load (TL) monitoring. The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a principal component approach, to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with a Monte Carlo parallel analysis and VariMax rotation to extract baseline characteristics, external TL, heart rate (HR)-based measures and perceived exertion. Training data were collected from sixty sub-elite young football players during a 6-week training period using 18 Hz global positioning system (GPS) with inertial sensors, 1 Hz short-range telemetry system, total quality recovery (TQR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Five principal components accounted for 68.7% of the total variance explained in the training data. Resultant equations from PCA was subdivided into: (1) explosiveness, accelerations and impacts (27.4%); (2) high-speed running (16.2%); (3) HR-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); and (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest factor in each principal component, decelerations (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the most representative components during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Futures research should expand the resultant equations within training days, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical skills and match-related contextual factors.This project was supported by the National Funds through FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (UIDB/DTP/04045/2020). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.PeerJBiblioteca Digital do IPBTeixeira, José EduardoForte, PedroFerraz, RicardoBranquinho, LuísMorgans, RylandSilva, A.J.Monteiro, A.M.Barbosa, Tiago M.2023-10-20T10:49:15Z20232023-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/28803engTeixeira, José Eduardo; Forte, Pedro; Ferraz, Ricardo; Branquinho, Luís; Morgans, Ryland; Silva, A.J.; Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M. (2023). Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach. PeerJ. ISSN 2167-8359. 11, p. 1-212167-835910.7717/peerj.15806info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-21T11:02:53Zoai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/28803Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T23:18:45.887884Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
title |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
spellingShingle |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach Teixeira, José Eduardo Youth Workload Soccer Global positioning system PCA Research Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::Sports |
title_short |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
title_full |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
title_fullStr |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
title_sort |
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach |
author |
Teixeira, José Eduardo |
author_facet |
Teixeira, José Eduardo Forte, Pedro Ferraz, Ricardo Branquinho, Luís Morgans, Ryland Silva, A.J. Monteiro, A.M. Barbosa, Tiago M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Forte, Pedro Ferraz, Ricardo Branquinho, Luís Morgans, Ryland Silva, A.J. Monteiro, A.M. Barbosa, Tiago M. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Teixeira, José Eduardo Forte, Pedro Ferraz, Ricardo Branquinho, Luís Morgans, Ryland Silva, A.J. Monteiro, A.M. Barbosa, Tiago M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Youth Workload Soccer Global positioning system PCA Research Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::Sports |
topic |
Youth Workload Soccer Global positioning system PCA Research Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::Sports |
description |
Applying data-reduction techniques to extract meaningful information from electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) has become a hot topic in football training load (TL) monitoring. The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a principal component approach, to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with a Monte Carlo parallel analysis and VariMax rotation to extract baseline characteristics, external TL, heart rate (HR)-based measures and perceived exertion. Training data were collected from sixty sub-elite young football players during a 6-week training period using 18 Hz global positioning system (GPS) with inertial sensors, 1 Hz short-range telemetry system, total quality recovery (TQR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Five principal components accounted for 68.7% of the total variance explained in the training data. Resultant equations from PCA was subdivided into: (1) explosiveness, accelerations and impacts (27.4%); (2) high-speed running (16.2%); (3) HR-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); and (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest factor in each principal component, decelerations (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the most representative components during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Futures research should expand the resultant equations within training days, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical skills and match-related contextual factors. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-20T10:49:15Z 2023 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10198/28803 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10198/28803 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Teixeira, José Eduardo; Forte, Pedro; Ferraz, Ricardo; Branquinho, Luís; Morgans, Ryland; Silva, A.J.; Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M. (2023). Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach. PeerJ. ISSN 2167-8359. 11, p. 1-21 2167-8359 10.7717/peerj.15806 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
PeerJ |
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PeerJ |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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