Mindfulness, Autocompaix?o e Bem-Estar Espiritual na Depress?o Cr?nica

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Jos? Eduardo Ramadas da
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Outros Autores: Sim?es, S?nia (Orientadora)
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ismt.pt/handle/123456789/560
• topic: Depress?o - Depression; Mindfulness - Mindfulnes; Autocompaix?o - Self-compassion; Bem-estar espiritual - Spiritual Well-being

A depress?o ? uma das principais causas de incapacidade a n?vel mundial. V?rios investigadores e t?cnicos de sa?de mental est?o em concord?ncia que a pr?tica de mindfulness, a promo??o de autocompaix?o e o bem-estar espiritual s?o ben?ficas para indiv?duos que sofrem de v?rios problemas, nomeadamente a depress?o. Este estudo procurou analisar as associa??es entre os ?ndices de compaix?o, mindfulness e bem-estar espiritual na Depress?o Cr?nica, durante e ap?s uma interven??o terap?utica (em comunidade terap?utica, em regime de internamento durante um per?odo de 6 a 8 meses), numa amostra com diagn?stico de perturba??o depressiva persistente. O protocolo foi composto pelos seguintes instrumentos: Invent?rio Depressivo de Beck (BDI II), Question?rio das Cinco Facetas de Mindfulness (QCFM), Escala de Autocompaix?o (SELFCS) e Question?rio de Bem-Estar Espiritual (QBEE). Nesta investiga??o participaram 63 sujeitos com idades entre os 15 e os 57 os anos (M = 32,84, DP = 10,24), entre os quais 28 s?o do sexo feminino e 35 s?o do sexo masculino, divididos em dois grupos: durante e ap?s tratamento. Um dos grupos foi composto por 32 sujeitos que estavam a beneficiar da interven??o terap?utica e do outro grupo fizeram parte 31 sujeitos que j? tinham conclu?do a interven??o pelo menos h? um ano. Os principais resultados demonstraram que existem diferen?as nas vari?veis mindfulness, autocompaix?o, bem-estar espiritual e depress?o em fun??o do sexo, da exist?ncia de tratamentos psiqui?tricos anteriores, do grupo de perten?a (durante e ap?s a interven??o) e dos n?veis de depress?o. Assim, o grupo ap?s interven??o apresenta maiores n?veis de mindfulness e autocompaix?o (condi??o humana) e menores n?veis de sobreidentifica??o (dimens?o da autocompaix?o, com a qual mant?m uma rela??o oposta), comparativamente ao grupo durante o tratamento. Por fim, destacam-se como preditores de menor depress?o as dimens?es de mindfulness (N?o reagir, N?o julgar) e do Bem-estar espiritual (Bem-estar pessoal) e, como preditor de maior depress?o, sobretudo a dimens?o autocr?tica (dimens?o da autocompaix?o). Em conclus?o, estes resultados v?o no mesmo sentido da literatura existente sobre a rela??o entre as vari?veis em estudo e a psicopatologia. Assim, a discuss?o dos resultados refor?ou as novas abordagens ?positivistas?, podendo ainda ser um contributo para o aperfei?oamento de programas de preven??o na reca?da da depress?o. / Depression is one of the main causes of incapacity worldwide. Several researchers and mental health professionals are in agreement that the practice of mindfulness, promotion of self-compassion and spiritual well-being are beneficial for individuals suffering from various problems, namely depression. This study sought to analyze the associations between compassion, mindfulness and spiritual well-being indexes, during and after a therapeutic intervention. Patients were treated in a residential therapeutic community for a period of six to eight months. They had been diagnosed with chronicle depression disorder. The protocol was composed of the following instruments: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), Questionnaire of the Five Facets of Mindfulness (QFFM), Self-Compassion Scale (SELFCS) and Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ). This research included 63 participants, between 15 and 50 years old (M = 32.84, SD = 10.24), 28 females and 35 male, divided into two groups: during and after treatment. One of the groups included 32 participants that continued to benefit from the therapeutic intervention and another included 31 participants that have already concluded the intervention less than a year ago. The main results showed that there are differences in the variables (mindfulness, selfcompassion, spiritual well-being and depression) according to sex, the existence of previous psychiatric treatment, the group (during and after the intervention) and depression levels results showed aspects relevant to the investigation. The group after the intervention has higher levels of mindfulness and self-compassion (common humanity) and lower levels of over-identification (self-compassion dimension, with which has the opposite relationship) compared to the group during the treatment. Finally, it stands out as predictors of minor depression dimensions of mindfulness (do not react, do not judge) and spiritual well-being (personal well-being) and as a predictor of major depression, especially self-judgment dimension (self-compassion dimension). In conclusion, these results along similar lines of the existing literature on the relationship between the study variables and psychopathology. The discussion allowed to highlight the new ?positive? approaches to the conceptualization of depression as a much more than a negative state that must be ?repaired?.