Renal transplantation in patients with congenital abnormalities of the lower urinary tract

• Autor(a) principal: Marques,Sofia
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Outros Autores: Ferreira,Carlos, Sampaio,Susana, Bustorff,Manuela, Pestana,Manuel
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0872-01692016000100006
• topic: Congenital abnormalities; graft survival; kidney transplantation; pyelonephritis; urinary tract

Introduction: Renal transplantation in adults with congenital abnormalities of the lower urinary tract (CALUT) carries particular complications. Careful urologic evaluation of abnormal bladders, due to neuropathy or outlet obstruction, may indicate the need for surgical correction before transplantation. This population is also at increased risk for urinary tract infections. Purpose: We assessed the outcome of renal transplantation in patients with CALUT at our Transplant Unit. Patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) were excluded from our analysis. Materials and Methods: A total of eight patients with CALUT, 13 to 39 years old, were evaluated. End -stage renal disease was caused by secondary VUR and recurrent urinary tract infections in patients with myelomeningocele (three cases), posterior urethral valves (one case), neurogenic bladder associated with imperforate anus (one case), congenital megaureter (two cases) and idiopathic neuropathic bladder and sphincter dyssynergia (one case). Results: All patients underwent surgical interventions before transplantation: ureteronephrectomy of the native kidneys (two cases), ablation of posterior urethral valves (one case), augmentation cystoplasty (six cases) and construction of an ileal conduit (one case). Seven patients remained continent, six were able to empty the bladder by clean intermittent selfcatheterization and the remaining by using the Valsalva maneuver. A rate of 31 episodes per 100 patient-years of graft pyelonephritis was found, much higher when compared to other transplant recipients, although graft survival was not affected. After a mean follow -up of 104 ± 11.8 months, five patients have kept functioning grafts with mean serum creatinine of 1.17 ± 0.40 mg/dl. Conclusion: Renal transplant in patients with CALUT has good outcomes after preparatory urologic surgical corrections although graft pyelonephritis remains a frequent complication