Globalization and local trade in agriculture: A panel data analysis of the 27 European Union countries

• Autor(a) principal: Amorim, João Nunes
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10071/29728
• topic: Agricultural trade; Globalization; Local trade; Dados em painel -- Panel data; European Union; Comércio agrícola; Globalização; Comércio local -- Local market; União Europeia

During the decade that succeeds the European sovereignty debt crisis, the food sovereignty movement has gained prominence in defending the autonomy of small producers amidst the globalized agricultural industry dominated by large corporations. This dissertation aims to assess the factors driving local agriculture trade in European Union countries in the aftermath of the European sovereignty debt crisis. Using national data on the production, export, and import of cereals and vegetables, from 2011 and 2020, three indicators are derived: Self-Sufficiency Ratio, Import Dependency Ratio, and Export-Oriented Index. These indicators evaluate the level of regional trade and provide insights into supply chain dynamics. A preliminary analysis of the indicators suggests an overall increase in the external trade of these two agricultural commodities. Furthermore, a linear econometric model has been used to examine the relationship between economic, social, and ecological variables with the three indicators under study. The findings suggest that variables pertaining to social exclusion and financial instability bear the most significant correlation, indicating that an increase in social exclusion and financial instability links to an increase in local trade. Other factors such as the economic conjuncture and the area of organic farming display encouraging outcomes in the initial model but fail to provide the same degree of significance in the robustness analysis. Finally, solely the food inflation variable exhibits a weak correlation with the level of local trade.