Transition to electric buses networks: a mixed-fleet approach

• Autor(a) principal: Mina, Raquel dos Santos Janeiro Pós de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21779
• topic: Public transportation; Mixed fleet; Electric vehicles; Optimization; Transporte público; Frota mista; Veículos elétricos; Otimização

As the environmental concerns increase, companies are called upon to adopt environmentally friendly solutions in their operations. Since the transportation sector counted for about ¼ of the global carbon dioxide emissions in 2010, transport providers agencies have been aiming to incorporate electric vehicles in their operations. This trend is observable in bus urban networks. In order to electrify the bus fleet and make the respective fleet planning decisions, it is necessary to address the necessary infrastructure requirements considering some operational constraints and the company´s objectives. This dissertation proposes a tool based on an optimization model, the MixedBusFleet, that aims to support transport providers to achieve the electrification of their fleets by minimizing investment costs, operational costs and the external costs of emissions. The MixedBusFleet model considers: (i) location of charging station; (ii) frequency of charging; (iii) charging strategy; (iv) battery type; (v) fleet dimension and; (vi) an emissions factor. The literature analyzed throughout this study identified that there is no previous work that incorporates all these planning objectives in one approach. Therefore, the proposed model aims to fill this gap. To illustrate the potential of the model, it was applied to part of the network of a public transport company operating in Lisbon. The case study comprised of 17 bus routes with predefined demand. The results showed that 133 buses are required to serve all the demand requiring a total investment of €24 950 000 and 5 fast charging facilities were installed in final stops.