Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Kabylova, Moldir
Data de Publicação: 2022
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e549
Resumo:  Mothers of young children in Kazakhstan experience challenges to do paid work as the result of flaws in the state policies, motherhood penalty in the labor market and cultural barriers in the family institution. Absence of parental leave for fathers, three years unpaid maternity leave and shortage of state-subsidized childcare services reinforce traditional breadwinner family institution where women are the main caregiver and increase gender inequality. The labor market factors preventing mothers from fulfilling their fullest potential are wage gender gap, discrimination, and employers’ reluctance to hire women of reproductive age, and a lack of flexible work options. Within the family sphere, women in Kazakhstan spend three times more time on unpaid domestic work compared to men and mothers of young children are likely to have higher workload. The research aims to explore the main barriers preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labor market in Kazakhstan. The research applied the qualitative research method and conducted three focus group discussions among 15 mothers of young children residing in cities Almaty in Southern Kazakhstan. The results demonstrate that women face cultural and family barriers to do paid work in cosmopolitan Almaty and experience challenges to enter and remain in the labor market as a result of underdeveloped state policies and motherhood penalty in the labor market. Mothers of children 1-6 aged in Kazakhstan need sufficient number of childcare services for children aged under 3 subsidized by the state, flexible work schemes at workplace and policy incentives for fathers to take paternity leave
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spelling Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in KazakhstanEmploymentMaternity leaveWelfare stateKazakhstan Mothers of young children in Kazakhstan experience challenges to do paid work as the result of flaws in the state policies, motherhood penalty in the labor market and cultural barriers in the family institution. Absence of parental leave for fathers, three years unpaid maternity leave and shortage of state-subsidized childcare services reinforce traditional breadwinner family institution where women are the main caregiver and increase gender inequality. The labor market factors preventing mothers from fulfilling their fullest potential are wage gender gap, discrimination, and employers’ reluctance to hire women of reproductive age, and a lack of flexible work options. Within the family sphere, women in Kazakhstan spend three times more time on unpaid domestic work compared to men and mothers of young children are likely to have higher workload. The research aims to explore the main barriers preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labor market in Kazakhstan. The research applied the qualitative research method and conducted three focus group discussions among 15 mothers of young children residing in cities Almaty in Southern Kazakhstan. The results demonstrate that women face cultural and family barriers to do paid work in cosmopolitan Almaty and experience challenges to enter and remain in the labor market as a result of underdeveloped state policies and motherhood penalty in the labor market. Mothers of children 1-6 aged in Kazakhstan need sufficient number of childcare services for children aged under 3 subsidized by the state, flexible work schemes at workplace and policy incentives for fathers to take paternity leaveLudomedia2022-11-04info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e549https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e549New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e549New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e549New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e5492184-777010.36367/ntqr.11.2022reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPenghttps://publi.ludomedia.org/index.php/ntqr/article/view/549https://publi.ludomedia.org/index.php/ntqr/article/view/549/811Copyright (c) 2022 New Trends in Qualitative Researchinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessKabylova, Moldir2023-08-13T09:13:56Zoai:ojs.publi.ludomedia.org:article/549Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:14:13.951887Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
title Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
spellingShingle Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
Kabylova, Moldir
Employment
Maternity leave
Welfare state
Kazakhstan
title_short Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
title_full Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
title_fullStr Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
title_full_unstemmed Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
title_sort Factors contributing to and preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Kazakhstan
author Kabylova, Moldir
author_facet Kabylova, Moldir
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Kabylova, Moldir
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Employment
Maternity leave
Welfare state
Kazakhstan
topic Employment
Maternity leave
Welfare state
Kazakhstan
description  Mothers of young children in Kazakhstan experience challenges to do paid work as the result of flaws in the state policies, motherhood penalty in the labor market and cultural barriers in the family institution. Absence of parental leave for fathers, three years unpaid maternity leave and shortage of state-subsidized childcare services reinforce traditional breadwinner family institution where women are the main caregiver and increase gender inequality. The labor market factors preventing mothers from fulfilling their fullest potential are wage gender gap, discrimination, and employers’ reluctance to hire women of reproductive age, and a lack of flexible work options. Within the family sphere, women in Kazakhstan spend three times more time on unpaid domestic work compared to men and mothers of young children are likely to have higher workload. The research aims to explore the main barriers preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labor market in Kazakhstan. The research applied the qualitative research method and conducted three focus group discussions among 15 mothers of young children residing in cities Almaty in Southern Kazakhstan. The results demonstrate that women face cultural and family barriers to do paid work in cosmopolitan Almaty and experience challenges to enter and remain in the labor market as a result of underdeveloped state policies and motherhood penalty in the labor market. Mothers of children 1-6 aged in Kazakhstan need sufficient number of childcare services for children aged under 3 subsidized by the state, flexible work schemes at workplace and policy incentives for fathers to take paternity leave
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-11-04
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https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e549
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
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https://publi.ludomedia.org/index.php/ntqr/article/view/549/811
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2022 New Trends in Qualitative Research
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2022 New Trends in Qualitative Research
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Ludomedia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Ludomedia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e549
New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e549
New Trends in Qualitative Research; Vol. 11 (2022): Qualitative Research: Practices and Challenges; e549
2184-7770
10.36367/ntqr.11.2022
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