Gellan microspheres application for capture or purification of plasmid DNA vaccine

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Diana Vanessa Duarte
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10506
• topic: Infeção Por Hpv; Método de Batch; Microesferas de Gelana; Passo de Clarificação; Polietilenimina; Vacina Pdna; Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Biotecnologia

Cervical cancer is the 4th cause of death among women worldwide and is profoundly associated with HPV infection, due to apoptosis inhibition and uncontrolled cell proliferation caused by oncoproteins E6 and E7 action. At the moment, some prophylactic vaccines are available in the market, but that are only capable of preventing HPV infection. Thus, the development of effective treatment for HPV-infected individuals is fundamental. DNA vaccines emerged as a promising way to prevent and treat several diseases since it can stimulate both cellular and humoral immune responses. The biotechnological process for obtaining plasmid DNA (pDNA) includes several steps, which present an environmental impact and makes it quite expensive to the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new alternatives. In this work, copper-crosslinked gellan microspheres were produced through a water-in-oil emulsion in order to capture pDNA directly from the Escherichia coli (E. coli) lysate seeking a reduction in the recovery and clarification-associated costs. The lowest diameter of gellan microspheres was achieved with 1.41 % of an aqueous gellan gum solution, previously heated at 90ºC, and dripped through a syringe to the oil solution formerly heated at 100 ºC with constant stirring of 750 rpm at a flow rate of 75 µL/min. Afterwards batch method optimization, the gellan microspheres captured 15.61 % of pDNA with 2.42 % of purity by a strategy based on immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), by manipulating the pH and ionic strength of binding and elution buffers. Another strategy was developed in order to increase the pDNA capture by precipitating the E. coli lysate with ammonium sulfate. The elimination of major impurities improved the recovery percentage to 32.41 % and the purity degree to 12.43 %. Moreover, copper-crosslinked gellan microspheres were functionalized with polyethylenimine (PEI), in order to increase the pDNA capture by increasing the functional groups in the microspheres surface. This allowed an improvement in the recovery percentage to 88.09 %, but the same did not happen to the purity percentage, 3.18 %. Thus, if the central aim is total pDNA capture from crude lysates without resorting to salts or organic solvents, the strategy in which the microspheres were functionalized with PEI showed great potential. On the other hand, if the main objective is to capture pDNA with higher purity, it is recommended to perform a prior step to the capture with ammonium sulfate, where copper-crosslinked microspheres may be applied or also the ones functionalized with PEI. In conclusion, these simple, fast and low-cost strategies allow lysate clarification since an E. coli lysate usually has 1.07 % of pDNA.