Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry Consultation: A National Level Analysis

• Autor(a) principal: Costa Alves, Joana
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Morais, Sofia, Ferreira de Macedo, António
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/19652
• topic: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Mental Health Services; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Portugal; Transition to Adult Care; Perturbação do Espetro do Autismo; Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção; Perturbações do Neurodesenvolvimento; Portugal; Serviços de Saúde Mental; Transição para Assistência do Adulto

Introduction: Neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by delay or variation in the acquisition of abilities or skills in several domains of development: motor, social, language, and cognitive. These disorders can manifest from childhood to adulthood, and therefore continuity of care is essential throughout these various developmental periods. However, several studies show that there is limited access to adult health care in this clinical domain.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out by distributing an anonymous survey among psychiatry physicians, at a national level, in the period between October 6 and December 6, 2020.Results: Data was collected from 83 psychiatry physicians (43 residents and 40 specialists). At the national level, only 16.9% of psychiatric departments had a subspecialized neurodevelopment clinic. Physicians reported that they observed few patients with neurodevelopment disorders: 72.3% observed one or none per week. When there was a neurodevelopmental disorders clinic in the psychiatry department, 64.3% of physicians reported that this clinic did not include a multidisciplinary team. The transition of these patients from the pediatric/child and adolescent psychiatry department to the psychiatric department occurred through regular intrahospital transfer in 51.8% of cases, but it occurred through a specific protocol or with a transitional medical appointment in only 15.7% of cases. Finally, 88% of psychiatry physicians considered the existence of a neurodevelopmental disorders clinic in adults to be pertinent and reported not having specialized training in the field of neurodevelopment.Conclusion: This study made it possible to identify some difficulties and barriers regarding adequate access for patients with neurodevelopmental disorders throughout the various developmental stages, from childhood to adulthood: lack of training in this clinical field, need of better communication between departments, lack of specific protocols, shortage of multidisciplinary teams, and asymmetry in the distribution of differentiated care.