Novel therapeutic approaches for skin regeneration

• Autor(a) principal: Saraiva, Sofia Mendes
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/4722
• topic: Biocompatibility; Hydrogel; In vitro studies; Photopolymerization; Wound healing; Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química

The integrity of skin, as the largest organ of the human body, must be preserved in order to play its role as a protective barrier, in the maintenance of fluid homeostasis and temperature regulation. Skin lesions can occur due to different causes, being burns those responsible for extensive skin loss, infection, electrolyte imbalances and respiratory failure. In order to decrease the effects of skin damages, new skin substitutes have been developed to accelerate the healing process and thus restore the native structure of skin. Among the existent materials, hydrogels own the most desirable characteristics of an “ideal dressing”, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. Currently, new photocrosslinkable hydrogels have been developed for tissue engineering purposes. Taking into account the intrinsic properties of hydrogels, the work plan developed during this master thesis allowed the production of photocrosslinkable hydrogels, composed of chitosan and gelatine that present some of the properties required for wound regeneration. Initially, methacrylate groups were added to the chitosan and gelatine primary amine groups, leading to the synthesis of methacrylamide chitosan (MAC) and methacrylamide gelatine (MAG). The chemical modification of the polymers was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Then, MAC and MAG hydrogels were produced using ultraviolet (UV) light in the presence of a photoinitiator (Irgacue 2959). The hydrogels were subsequently characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Porosity and swelling properties were also analyzed and revealed that the hydrogels with a higher content of chitosan had higher porosity and swelling capacity. The cytotoxic profile of the hydrogels was evaluated through an MTS assay, using human fibroblast cells. Cell adhesion on the surface of the hydrogels was visualized through scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained demonstrated that the hydrogels developed herein possess suitable properties for being used as wound dressings. Therefore, in the future in vivo studies will be performed to evaluate the histocompatibility of the hydrogels and their capacity to improve the wound healing process. In addition, growth factors and antimicrobial agents can be incorporated in the hydrogels, in order to improve wound repair and prevent bacterial infections, respectively.