Hipertensão sistólica isolada : epidemiologia e impacto na prática clínica

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Evangelista
• Data de Publicação: 2003
• Outros Autores: Silva, Alberto Mello e, Oliveira, A. Gouveia, Nogueira, Paulo, Grupo de Investigação da ARS de Lisboa
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/5696
• topic: Epidemiology; Hypertension; Categories/grades of; Isolated systolic hypertension

Objective: To study the frequency, distribution and determinants of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). Design: Cross-sectional study, in two stages. First, consecutive patients of the Portuguese national health system aged 60 or over were selected (1999). The second stage covered people aged up to 60 years (2000). Setting: Health Centers – primary care (Regional Health Administration - Lisbon). Participants: 3228 patients, 1100 male (439 aged up to 60 years and 661 aged 60 years) and 2128 female (860 aged up to 60 years and 1268 aged 60 years). Measurements: Categories of hypertension. Risk stratification. Cardiovascular morbidity. Predictors of isolated systolic hypertension. Results: The definition and staging of hypertension changed between 1988 and 1997/99 and as a consequence, there has been, in hypertensives, an increase in ISH frequency from 13 % to 44 % (2.4 times greater). This form of hypertension is far more frequent than grades 1 (mild hypertension = 22 %), 2 (moderate hypertension =15 %) or 3 (severe hypertension = 7%). The proportion of hypertensives with ISH increases from 19% in people aged up to 40, to 30 % in the fourth decade, 34 % in the fifth decade, 44 % in the sixth decade, 51 % in the seventh decade, and 57 % in those over 80 years of age. In hypertensives aged up to 50, ISH is more frequent in females. However, in those over age 50 it is predominant in males. ISH represents 60 % and 37 % respectively of untreated and treated hypertensives. Among untreated hypertensives, age was associated with ISH (p<0.001; OR=1.051 and 95 % CI 1.037-1.065). In the over-60 subgroup, the following factors were associated: age (p=0.013; OR=1.048 and 95 % CI 1.010-1.087); gender – male (p=0.004; OR=2.578 and 95 % CI 1.361- 4.881) and height (p=0.044; OR=0.966 and 95% CI 0.933-0.999). Conclusions: Isolated systolic hypertension is the most common form of hypertension and the most often untreated. The constitutional characteristics associated with isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly are age, gender (male) and body mass index (height). The extent of the problem justifies more attention to control of systolic blood pressure, both in research (efficacy) and in clinical practice (effectiveness).