Casas do povo, casas de pescadores: a dimnsão arquitectónica de um organismo para desenvolvimento social

• Autor(a) principal: Jesica Maria Oliveira Jaramillo
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/10216/80362
• topic: Artes; Arts

Community meeting Houses and Fishermen Houses constitute basic elements vital to the corporative organisation, supporting the rural and fishing sectors of the portuguese population socially, culturally, educationally and economically. This particular dissertation aims to analyze and reveal the arquitectonic evolution experienced on the buildings of these particular corporative institutions that were legally created as a new political regime settles in Portugal, the Estado Novo. Therefore this study's work field is confined to the first decades of this organisms' legal life, since 1933 until the April 25th revolution, 1974 (even though the investigation process settles between 1933 and the second half of the 1950's), given that it's the most important and emblematic era regarding the evolution and development of Community meeting Houses and Fishermen Houses. The study also intends to stand out as a breakthrough towards the understanding of this buildings' evolution and several transformations until the present moment: however, the developed research regarding recent decades doesn't offer a thorough analysis as it consists on case studies that can structure a whole new investigation. This particular analysis to the institutions' process was supported by specific legislation throughout the goals' description, the study regarding site organization and the Arquitectures promoted by these institutions. The Community meeting Houses began their existence in Portugal during the late 1800's thanks to society supporting associations, even before it was legal. Looked at as an Estado Novo's equipment, the government promoted a standard project designed by Jorge Segurado. The model is perceptible on several headquarters but the arquitectonic diversity traceable on some others leads to a lack of a recognizable image like other government's equipments have. The standard project will receive tough critics, some of them unjustified, mainly from Community meeting Houses' Mensários, a newspaper managed by Junta Central das Casas do Povo (the body that regulated these equipments). The arquitectonic variety derives from the unpredictability that characterizes most local initiatives, other than central, which relates to the fact that this equipment isn't an essential need (education, health, justice, communications), but rather has an distinguished cultural dimension. Then again, regarding Fisherman Houses, although organically similar to Community meeting Houses and so a government's equipment, it seems there's no registry of a standard project or a unifying arquitectonic language. However, the settled aims were better achieved in this case, even serving as an example to some Community meeting Houses' design. In this case, the arquitecture's variety contrasts with the Fisherman House's modest expansion grid, which might justify the standard project's absence and therefore a more creative field of action. This comparative analysis between the two organisms, either as an institution (mainly for a deeper comprehension about goals and fields of action), or from their headquarters' arquitecture, generates a better understanding of the similarities and the differences between these two equipment networks, primarily how arquitecture, political power and institutions articulated themselves throughout the 20th century.