Human cardiac stem cells inhibit lymphocyte proliferation through paracrine mechanisms that correlate with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induction and activity

• Autor(a) principal: Sebastião, Maria J.
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Outros Autores: Menta, Ramón, Serra, Margarida, Palacios, Itziar, Alves, Paula M., Sanchez, Belén, Delarosa, Olga, Dalemans, Wilfried, Lombardo, Eleuterio, Gomes-Alves, Patrícia
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-1010-2
• topic: Allogeneic stem cell therapy; Cardiac stem/progenitor cells; Immunosuppression; T lymphocytes; Tryptophan metabolism; Medicine (miscellaneous); Molecular Medicine; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous); Cell Biology

Transplantation of allogeneic human cardiac/stem progenitor cells (hCSCs) is currently being tested in several phase I/II clinical trials as a novel and promising therapy for restoration of myocardial tissue function in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Previous findings demonstrate that these cells have an immune suppressive profile interacting with different populations from the immune system, resulting in overall attenuation of myocardial inflammation. However, transplanted hCSCs are still recognized and cleared from the injured site, impairing long retention times in the tissue that could translate into a higher clinical benefit. In this work, through modeling allogeneic hCSC/T lymphocyte interaction in vitro by direct contact, transwell inserts, and hCSC conditioned medium, our results demonstrate that hCSCs exert an immune-suppressive effect on T lymphocyte proliferation not only through the previously described cell contact-dependent programmed cell death-1 (PD1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) axis but also through a paracrine mechanism associated with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme-mediated tryptophan metabolism. Such findings constitute a step forward in better understanding the mechanisms of action of transplanted hCSCs in allogeneic settings.