Reincidência criminal - Uma pandemia social silenciosa

• Autor(a) principal: Botelho-Camões, Filipa
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/141156
• topic: Reincidência; Criminologia; Direito penal; Prevenção; Fatores criminógenos; Recidivism; Criminology; Criminal law; Prevention; Criminogenic factors; Direito

The awareness that crime, and in particular recidivism, portrays harmful and undesirable consequences for the safety and well-being of populations is not recent. However, despite being a referenced problem, the access to national statistical data that makes it possible to draw a picture and calculate the size of this population is difficult. Considering the transversal nature of the phenomenon, it is relevant to highlight the interdependence between the different sciences - namely, between Criminology and Law – as a way of reaching a deeper knowledge. In this way, initially, we sought to address the different conceptions developed by Criminology and, thus, analyze the evolution of the study of crime and the consequent contribution that, today, its different fields – biological, psychological, and social – prove to have in the fight against crime. After that, it was analyzed the role of Criminal Law in determining the presuppositions and applying the consequences of the crime, without forgetting the problematization around the purposes that belong to it. Finally, the institute of recidivism was examined trying to clarify its assumptions and, at the same time, to identify the factors understood as performance enhancers of the maintenance of criminal behavior, with special attention to the Risk-Needs-Responsivity model. From the research carried out, it was possible to conclude that the gap in the information provided arises, in part, from discrepancies in the conceptualization of the phenomenon and culminates in the inability to read the effect of the implemented intervention models, namely, the effectiveness of the penalty and the prison system as prosecutors of the inmate's resocialization. However, the work carried out in the field of recidivism points to a possibility of verifying a certain homogeneity in the characteristics and the pattern of offenses of these individuals – thus leaving open the possibility of preventing recidivism. In this sense, there is, on the part of the DGRSP, a significant effort to improve the respective strategic planning, considering contemporary approaches, focused on the individual and their criminogenic needs.