Technical and socio-cultural contributions of quaternary prevention for primary health care: : paths and challenges

• Autor(a) principal: Maciel, Fernanda Beatriz Melo
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Santos, Hebert Luan Pereira Campos dos, Prado, Nilia Maria de Brito Lima
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://www.rbmfc.org.br/rbmfc/article/view/2571
• topic: Quaternary Prevention; Primary Health Care; Unified Health System; Family and Community Medicine; Overmedicalization.; Prevención Cuaternaria; Primeros Auxilios; Sistema Único de Salud; Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria; Sobremedicalización.; Prevenção Quaternária; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Sistema Único de Saúde; Medicina de Família e Comunidade; Sobremedicalização.

Introduction: In the context of the Unified Health System, the concept of quaternary prevention shyly enters the levels of health care, however, undergoes significant expansion in the scope of primary health care. Objective: To identify, through the systematization of scientific evidence, the technical and socio-cultural contributions of quaternary prevention within the scope of primary health care in Brazil. Methods: This is an integrative review of studies present in the scientific databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information of the Pan American Health Organization, virtual library of the Higher Education Personnel Improvement Commission, and MEDLINE through PubMed using the descriptors “quaternary prevention” and “primary health care”, in English and Portuguese. Results: The corpus of analysis consisted of 22 articles, and the scientific production on the topic took place more intensively from the year 2015 and, for the most part, had theoretical essays as methodological approach. Among the technical contributions, we highlight the introduction of teaching on quaternary prevention in a continuous way to undergraduates and professionals; the construction of protocols and documents of professional support; the use of dynamic explanatory models in the socialization of the clinical picture and professional conduct with users and socio-cultural contributions involve changes in the professional and community perception about the phenomenon of illness and health conception, as well as the incentive to practices of socio-cultural demedicalization in relation to pain, disability, discomfort, aging, birth, and death. Conclusion: Despite the recognition of the potential of quaternary prevention, it is necessary to strengthen strategies that enable the development of public policies to foster and manage strategic alliances with decision makers, health professionals and citizens, to promote the reduction of excessive diagnoses and treatments, contributing to the quality of care.