Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Menezes, Eveline de Abreu
Data de Publicação: 2006
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6377
Resumo: The cultures platforms of productivity need to be optimized, owing to provide foods to an enhanced world population. A control of the soil fertility is necessary, in order to be adequately productive without, however, have losses for excess of nutrients, which could cause serious environmental problems. Due to soils and cultures requirements, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizations are the more important ones. In this work, selective chemical sensors to phosphorus (PO4 3-), nitrate (NO3 -) and ammonium (NH4 +), installed in polymeric probes and their associated instrumentation were evaluated. The evaluation was carried with the addition of 0.1 mol L-1 P-PO4 3- solution to the soil, data acquisition supplied by the probes, collects of soil samples in the region where the probes were installed and determination of evaluated nutrients by conventional laboratory techniques. The PO4 3- amounts were determined by spectrophotometry after the following extraction methodologies: Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and ionic exchange resin. The results were compared with the fitted potentials registered by the probes, and the best correlation was obtained with the method of the resin. For evaluation of the probes, constructed with selective sensors to NO3 - and NH4 +, NH4NO3 salt was added directly to the soil. Four probes had been installed; one of them was used as control. Surface and 20-cm soil depth, region where the sensors were located, were periodically collected. The amounts of NO3 - and NH4 + had been determined by spectrophotometry, by using procedure based on Berthlot reaction adapted to a flow system. The results, compared with the potentials provided by the sensors, presented similar changes profiles. Great alterations in the sensors potentials had not been observed after addition of nitrogen fertilization, due to the little percolation of nutrients in the soil profile. The results indicate good response of the sensors, and the potential applicability of these probes to assist the monitoring of soil nutrients, owing the establishment of rational processes in the fertilizers uses by the cultures.
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spelling Menezes, Eveline de AbreuNogueira, Ana Rita de Araújohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045http://lattes.cnpq.br/8849367592224960bd0cac39-7657-4380-b7d8-3e265b71528e2016-06-02T20:36:09Z2007-07-102016-06-02T20:36:09Z2006-07-28MENEZES, Eveline de Abreu. Phosphorus, nitrate and ammonium determination in soil in situ.. 2006. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2006.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6377The cultures platforms of productivity need to be optimized, owing to provide foods to an enhanced world population. A control of the soil fertility is necessary, in order to be adequately productive without, however, have losses for excess of nutrients, which could cause serious environmental problems. Due to soils and cultures requirements, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizations are the more important ones. In this work, selective chemical sensors to phosphorus (PO4 3-), nitrate (NO3 -) and ammonium (NH4 +), installed in polymeric probes and their associated instrumentation were evaluated. The evaluation was carried with the addition of 0.1 mol L-1 P-PO4 3- solution to the soil, data acquisition supplied by the probes, collects of soil samples in the region where the probes were installed and determination of evaluated nutrients by conventional laboratory techniques. The PO4 3- amounts were determined by spectrophotometry after the following extraction methodologies: Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and ionic exchange resin. The results were compared with the fitted potentials registered by the probes, and the best correlation was obtained with the method of the resin. For evaluation of the probes, constructed with selective sensors to NO3 - and NH4 +, NH4NO3 salt was added directly to the soil. Four probes had been installed; one of them was used as control. Surface and 20-cm soil depth, region where the sensors were located, were periodically collected. The amounts of NO3 - and NH4 + had been determined by spectrophotometry, by using procedure based on Berthlot reaction adapted to a flow system. The results, compared with the potentials provided by the sensors, presented similar changes profiles. Great alterations in the sensors potentials had not been observed after addition of nitrogen fertilization, due to the little percolation of nutrients in the soil profile. The results indicate good response of the sensors, and the potential applicability of these probes to assist the monitoring of soil nutrients, owing the establishment of rational processes in the fertilizers uses by the cultures.Os patamares de produtividade das culturas necessitam ser otimizados, visando proporcionar alimentos a uma população mundial cada vez maior. Há necessidade de um controle da fertilidade dos solos, para que esses se mantenham adequadamente produtivos sem, no entanto haver perdas por excesso de nutrientes, o que pode vir a causar sérios problemas ambientais. As adubações nitrogenada e fosfatada se enquadram como as principais, em função das necessidades dos solos e culturas. Neste trabalho avaliou-se o emprego de sensores químicos seletivos a fósforo (PO4 3-), nitrato (NO3 -) e amônio (NH4 +) e sua instrumentação associada, instalados em sondas construídas em material polimérico. A avaliação foi realizada com a adição de solução 0,1 mol L-1 de P-PO4 3- ao solo, aquisição de dados fornecidos pelas sondas, por coletas de amostras de solo na região em que as sondas estavam instaladas e determinação dos teores desses nutrientes por técnicas convencionais em laboratório. Os teores de PO4 3- foram obtidos pelos seguintes métodos de extração: Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 e resina de troca iônica e determinados por espectrofotometria. Comparou-se os resultados obtidos com os potenciais registrados pela sonda potenciométrica, que apresentou a melhor correlação com o método da resina. Para avaliação das sondas com sensores seletivos a NO3 - e NH4 +, sal de NH4NO3 foi adicionado diretamente ao solo. Foram instaladas quatro sondas, uma delas utilizada como testemunha, e periodicamente coletadas amostras de solo da superfície e à 20 cm de profundidade, região de colocação dos sensores. Os teores de NO3 - e NH4 + foram determinados por espectrofotometria, em procedimento baseado na reação de Berthlot adaptada a sistema em fluxo. Os resultados foram comparados aos potenciais obtidos pelos sensores, apresentando perfis similares de variação. Não foram verificadas grandes alterações nos potenciais dos sensores frente à adubação nitrogenada em decorrência da não percolação dos nutrientes no perfil do solo. Os resultados indicam boa resposta dos sensores e a potencial aplicabilidade destas sondas para o monitoramento de nutrientes no solo, auxiliando no estabelecimento de processos racionais no uso de fertilizantes nas culturas.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Química - PPGQUFSCarBRInstrumentaçãoFósforoNitratoAmônioAnálise in situSonda analíticaCIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA::INSTRUMENTACAO ANALITICADeterminação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.Phosphorus, nitrate and ammonium determination in soil in situ.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1e83fd9a0-c0d6-4518-b677-9aa885aeffbcinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL1227.pdfapplication/pdf2236922https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/6377/1/1227.pdf9f36ad88abbf6d0cf1c979e5d9c2ddd6MD51THUMBNAIL1227.pdf.jpg1227.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg8748https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/6377/2/1227.pdf.jpgda47f098cf4fe589539e9353a19d7832MD52ufscar/63772023-09-18 18:31:11.353oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/6377Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:11Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Phosphorus, nitrate and ammonium determination in soil in situ.
title Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
spellingShingle Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
Menezes, Eveline de Abreu
Instrumentação
Fósforo
Nitrato
Amônio
Análise in situ
Sonda analítica
CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA::INSTRUMENTACAO ANALITICA
title_short Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
title_full Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
title_fullStr Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
title_full_unstemmed Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
title_sort Determinação in situ de fósforo, nitrato e amônio em solo.
author Menezes, Eveline de Abreu
author_facet Menezes, Eveline de Abreu
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8849367592224960
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Menezes, Eveline de Abreu
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv bd0cac39-7657-4380-b7d8-3e265b71528e
contributor_str_mv Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Instrumentação
Fósforo
Nitrato
Amônio
Análise in situ
Sonda analítica
topic Instrumentação
Fósforo
Nitrato
Amônio
Análise in situ
Sonda analítica
CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA::INSTRUMENTACAO ANALITICA
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA::INSTRUMENTACAO ANALITICA
description The cultures platforms of productivity need to be optimized, owing to provide foods to an enhanced world population. A control of the soil fertility is necessary, in order to be adequately productive without, however, have losses for excess of nutrients, which could cause serious environmental problems. Due to soils and cultures requirements, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizations are the more important ones. In this work, selective chemical sensors to phosphorus (PO4 3-), nitrate (NO3 -) and ammonium (NH4 +), installed in polymeric probes and their associated instrumentation were evaluated. The evaluation was carried with the addition of 0.1 mol L-1 P-PO4 3- solution to the soil, data acquisition supplied by the probes, collects of soil samples in the region where the probes were installed and determination of evaluated nutrients by conventional laboratory techniques. The PO4 3- amounts were determined by spectrophotometry after the following extraction methodologies: Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and ionic exchange resin. The results were compared with the fitted potentials registered by the probes, and the best correlation was obtained with the method of the resin. For evaluation of the probes, constructed with selective sensors to NO3 - and NH4 +, NH4NO3 salt was added directly to the soil. Four probes had been installed; one of them was used as control. Surface and 20-cm soil depth, region where the sensors were located, were periodically collected. The amounts of NO3 - and NH4 + had been determined by spectrophotometry, by using procedure based on Berthlot reaction adapted to a flow system. The results, compared with the potentials provided by the sensors, presented similar changes profiles. Great alterations in the sensors potentials had not been observed after addition of nitrogen fertilization, due to the little percolation of nutrients in the soil profile. The results indicate good response of the sensors, and the potential applicability of these probes to assist the monitoring of soil nutrients, owing the establishment of rational processes in the fertilizers uses by the cultures.
publishDate 2006
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2006-07-28
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2007-07-10
2016-06-02T20:36:09Z
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2016-06-02T20:36:09Z
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dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv MENEZES, Eveline de Abreu. Phosphorus, nitrate and ammonium determination in soil in situ.. 2006. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2006.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6377
identifier_str_mv MENEZES, Eveline de Abreu. Phosphorus, nitrate and ammonium determination in soil in situ.. 2006. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2006.
url https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6377
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