Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2083 |
Resumo: | Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are insects considered as pests in many crops. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora and Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata, occur often in alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa) in Brazil, causing direct and indirect damage to the plants. In this study designed to determine the seasonal fluctuation of aphids and their predators in alfalfa crop and its relationships with climatic variables by canonical correspondence analysis; to verify if there is in laboratory selectivity predators feeding, Cycloneda sanguinea, Harmonia axyrids and Hippodamia convergens for aphid A. pisum, A. craccivora and T. trifolli f. maculata to establish their predators in field culture, as well as to compare the various predators, as their efficiency in preying upon aphids using the serological technique. This technique is based on reactions such as antigen / antibody where the antibodies are obtained for the pest of interest and how antigens are used on many pest consumers. The gathering of aphids and their predators were conducted from August 2011 to July 2012 in experimental fields of alfalfa Crioula located at the Embrapa Unit, São Carlos SP. Acyrthosiphon pisum was the predominant aphid in the culture during the study period. Considering all the species, the highest population peak was observed in March/2012 and the lower in January/2012. According to canonical correspondence analysis, none of the environmental variables influenced significantly the seasonal fluctuation of aphids. Regarding the predators, 2.161 specimens were collected including insects and spiders. Among the insects the following families: Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Nabidae, Syrphidae, Dolichopodidae, Geocoridae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Chrysopidae and Dermaptera. Among the spiders, Salticidae, Thomisidae; Lycosidae; Ctenidae; Nephilidae; Araneidae; xi Sparassidae; Theridiidae; Pholcidae; Trocantheriidae; Lymphidae and Sicariidae ocurred. The coccinellids were the most abundant insects and Harmonia axyridis was the most abundant species. It was also observed that the population of aphids and coccinellids follow the typical pattern of predator-prey relationship. The presence of natural enemies and the management of cutting the alfalfa influenced the dynamics of aphid populations. According to the results of the serological tests of all predators tested, 508 reacted with any of the antisera, resulting in 23,5% of positive results. Heterologous positive reactions were recorded with predators stored in a freezer at -2 °C for over a year showing that freezing does not affect the results of serological reactions. Syrphid and chrysopids were the predators with the highest percentage of positive serological reactions. The food preference tests in the laboratory showed that the coccinellids C. sanguinea, H. axyridis and H. convergens have a preference for A. craccivora when one compare to other species of aphids offered |
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Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon daSilva, Carlos Roberto Sousa ehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/controladorbuscacvhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9279872090037393880ffe01-cc16-4e3d-9a85-699914576bf92016-06-02T19:32:06Z2013-03-122016-06-02T19:32:06Z2013-02-08CUNHA, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da. Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa. 2013. 100 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2013.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2083Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are insects considered as pests in many crops. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora and Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata, occur often in alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa) in Brazil, causing direct and indirect damage to the plants. In this study designed to determine the seasonal fluctuation of aphids and their predators in alfalfa crop and its relationships with climatic variables by canonical correspondence analysis; to verify if there is in laboratory selectivity predators feeding, Cycloneda sanguinea, Harmonia axyrids and Hippodamia convergens for aphid A. pisum, A. craccivora and T. trifolli f. maculata to establish their predators in field culture, as well as to compare the various predators, as their efficiency in preying upon aphids using the serological technique. This technique is based on reactions such as antigen / antibody where the antibodies are obtained for the pest of interest and how antigens are used on many pest consumers. The gathering of aphids and their predators were conducted from August 2011 to July 2012 in experimental fields of alfalfa Crioula located at the Embrapa Unit, São Carlos SP. Acyrthosiphon pisum was the predominant aphid in the culture during the study period. Considering all the species, the highest population peak was observed in March/2012 and the lower in January/2012. According to canonical correspondence analysis, none of the environmental variables influenced significantly the seasonal fluctuation of aphids. Regarding the predators, 2.161 specimens were collected including insects and spiders. Among the insects the following families: Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Nabidae, Syrphidae, Dolichopodidae, Geocoridae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Chrysopidae and Dermaptera. Among the spiders, Salticidae, Thomisidae; Lycosidae; Ctenidae; Nephilidae; Araneidae; xi Sparassidae; Theridiidae; Pholcidae; Trocantheriidae; Lymphidae and Sicariidae ocurred. The coccinellids were the most abundant insects and Harmonia axyridis was the most abundant species. It was also observed that the population of aphids and coccinellids follow the typical pattern of predator-prey relationship. The presence of natural enemies and the management of cutting the alfalfa influenced the dynamics of aphid populations. According to the results of the serological tests of all predators tested, 508 reacted with any of the antisera, resulting in 23,5% of positive results. Heterologous positive reactions were recorded with predators stored in a freezer at -2 °C for over a year showing that freezing does not affect the results of serological reactions. Syrphid and chrysopids were the predators with the highest percentage of positive serological reactions. The food preference tests in the laboratory showed that the coccinellids C. sanguinea, H. axyridis and H. convergens have a preference for A. craccivora when one compare to other species of aphids offeredOs afídeos (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) são insetos considerados praga em várias culturas. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora e Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata, ocorrem frequentemente em cultura de alfafa (Medicago sativa) no Brasil, causando danos diretos e indiretos ás plantas. No presente trabalho buscou-se determinar a flutuação sazonal dos afídeos e seus predadores em cultura de alfafa e suas relações com as variáveis climáticas, mediante análise de correspondência canônica; verificar em laboratório se há seletividade alimentar dos predadores, Cycloneda sanguínea, Harmonia axyrids e Hippodamia convergens pelos afídeos A. pisum, A. craccivora e T. trifolli f. maculata e determinar em campo seus predadores na cultura, bem como comparar os diversos predadores, quanto a sua eficiência em predar os afídeos utilizando-se a técnica serológica. Esta técnica é baseada em reações do tipo antígeno/anticorpo onde os anticorpos são obtidos para a praga que se quer investigar e como antígenos são utilizados os vários consumidores da praga. As coletas de afídeos e seus predadores foram realizadas de agosto de 2011 a julho de 2012, em campos experimentais de alfafa do cultivar Crioula situados na Unidade da Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos SP. Acyrthosiphon pisum foi o afídeo predominante na cultura no período avaliado. Considerando-se o conjunto das espécies o maior pico populacional foi observado em março de 2012 e o menor em janeiro de 2012. De acordo com a análise de correspondência canônica, nenhuma das variáveis ambientais influenciou significativamente a flutuação sazonal de afídeos. Em relação aos predadores, foram coletados 2.161 exemplares entre insetos e aranhas. Dentre os insetos ocorreram representantes das seguintes famílias: Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Nabidae, Syrphidae, Dolichopodidae, Geocoridae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Chrysopidae e Dermaptera. ix Dentre as aranhas, Salticidae, Thomisidae; Lycosidae; Ctenidae; Nephilidae; Araneidae; Sparassidae; Theridiidae; Pholcidae; Trocantheriidae; Lynphidae e Sicariidae. Os coccinelídeos foram os insetos mais abundantes e Harmonia axyridis a espécie mais coletada. Observou-se também que a população de coccinelídeos e a de afídeos seguem o padrão típico da relação predador-presa. A presença de inimigos naturais e o manejo dos cortes da alfafa influenciaram a dinâmica populacional dos afídeos. De acordo com os resultados dos testes serológicos, do total de predadores testados, 508 reagiram com algum dos antissoros resultando em 23,5% de resultados positivos. Reações heterólogas positivas foram registradas com predadores armazenados em freezer a -2°C por mais de um ano evidenciando que o congelamento não interferiu nos resultados das reações serológicas. Os sirfídeos e crisopídeos foram os predadores para os quais se obteve a maior porcentagem de reações serológicas positivas. Os testes de preferência alimentar em laboratório apontaram que os coccinelídeos C. sanguínea, H. axyridis e H. convergens tem preferência por A. craccivora em relação às outras espécies de afídeos oferecidas.Financiadora de Estudos e Projetosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERNUFSCarBRAfídeosPredadoresAlfafaSerologiaSeletividade alimentarControle biológicoAphidsPredatorsAlfalfaSerologyFeeding preferenceBiological controlCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIAEstudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-158682d0b-8b2d-4ad6-b412-be1c500e04a9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL4909.pdfapplication/pdf1046515https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/2083/1/4909.pdface6b1d8402f547fa086d3b55feda1caMD51TEXT4909.pdf.txt4909.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/2083/2/4909.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD52THUMBNAIL4909.pdf.jpg4909.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6226https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/2083/3/4909.pdf.jpg1c7e1afb1bc89fd6c95393532a6e30cdMD53ufscar/20832023-09-18 18:31:30.112oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/2083Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:30Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
title |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
spellingShingle |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da Afídeos Predadores Alfafa Serologia Seletividade alimentar Controle biológico Aphids Predators Alfalfa Serology Feeding preference Biological control CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
title_short |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
title_full |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
title_fullStr |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
title_sort |
Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa |
author |
Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da |
author_facet |
Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9279872090037393 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/controladorbuscacv |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
880ffe01-cc16-4e3d-9a85-699914576bf9 |
contributor_str_mv |
Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Afídeos Predadores Alfafa Serologia Seletividade alimentar Controle biológico |
topic |
Afídeos Predadores Alfafa Serologia Seletividade alimentar Controle biológico Aphids Predators Alfalfa Serology Feeding preference Biological control CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Aphids Predators Alfalfa Serology Feeding preference Biological control |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
description |
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are insects considered as pests in many crops. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora and Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata, occur often in alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa) in Brazil, causing direct and indirect damage to the plants. In this study designed to determine the seasonal fluctuation of aphids and their predators in alfalfa crop and its relationships with climatic variables by canonical correspondence analysis; to verify if there is in laboratory selectivity predators feeding, Cycloneda sanguinea, Harmonia axyrids and Hippodamia convergens for aphid A. pisum, A. craccivora and T. trifolli f. maculata to establish their predators in field culture, as well as to compare the various predators, as their efficiency in preying upon aphids using the serological technique. This technique is based on reactions such as antigen / antibody where the antibodies are obtained for the pest of interest and how antigens are used on many pest consumers. The gathering of aphids and their predators were conducted from August 2011 to July 2012 in experimental fields of alfalfa Crioula located at the Embrapa Unit, São Carlos SP. Acyrthosiphon pisum was the predominant aphid in the culture during the study period. Considering all the species, the highest population peak was observed in March/2012 and the lower in January/2012. According to canonical correspondence analysis, none of the environmental variables influenced significantly the seasonal fluctuation of aphids. Regarding the predators, 2.161 specimens were collected including insects and spiders. Among the insects the following families: Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Nabidae, Syrphidae, Dolichopodidae, Geocoridae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Chrysopidae and Dermaptera. Among the spiders, Salticidae, Thomisidae; Lycosidae; Ctenidae; Nephilidae; Araneidae; xi Sparassidae; Theridiidae; Pholcidae; Trocantheriidae; Lymphidae and Sicariidae ocurred. The coccinellids were the most abundant insects and Harmonia axyridis was the most abundant species. It was also observed that the population of aphids and coccinellids follow the typical pattern of predator-prey relationship. The presence of natural enemies and the management of cutting the alfalfa influenced the dynamics of aphid populations. According to the results of the serological tests of all predators tested, 508 reacted with any of the antisera, resulting in 23,5% of positive results. Heterologous positive reactions were recorded with predators stored in a freezer at -2 °C for over a year showing that freezing does not affect the results of serological reactions. Syrphid and chrysopids were the predators with the highest percentage of positive serological reactions. The food preference tests in the laboratory showed that the coccinellids C. sanguinea, H. axyridis and H. convergens have a preference for A. craccivora when one compare to other species of aphids offered |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2013-03-12 2016-06-02T19:32:06Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2013-02-08 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:32:06Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
CUNHA, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da. Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa. 2013. 100 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2013. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2083 |
identifier_str_mv |
CUNHA, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da. Estudos bioecológicos dos afídeos da alfafa. 2013. 100 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2013. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2083 |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERN |
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UFSCar |
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BR |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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