Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336 |
Resumo: | Learning an oral language presents several challenges, two of which are: extracting words from continuous speech and mapping them to referents. Statistical cues (e.g., prosody, phonotactical probability) are an important source of information to overcome such challenges. Evidence suggests that the higher or lower probability of a syllable being followed by another one (transitional probability) can be indicative of word boundaries in continuous speech. Additionally, segmentation and mapping processes can occur sequentially and simultaneously as a result of tracking the co-occurrence between words and its referents. Nonetheless, there is still a limited number of studies investigating simultaneous processes of word segmentation based on transitional probability and mapping based on cooccurrences across ambiguous trials (when more than one word and one referent is presented). The present investigation aims to answer the following question: can words be simultaneously segmented from continuous speech and mapped to referents across ambiguous trials? Three studies were conducted to investigate this question. The first study, with nine experiments, investigated whether pseudowords (previously selected) could be extracted from continuous speech based on their transitional probability. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results indicated that words can be segmented, but only when other statistical cues, such as the phonotactical probabilities, are controlled. The second study, with two experiments, investigated whether segmented words from the languages used in the first study could be mapped to abstract pictures during cross-situational word learning tasks. Brazilian-Portuguese adult speakers participated. Results suggest that words can be mapped and that performance improves when the task is repeated. Finally, the third study, with two experiments, investigated whether extraction and mapping over ambiguous trials can occur in parallel. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results suggest that these processes can occur together, at the same time, and that accuracy rates in the parallel task are higher than accuracy rates in individual tasks (Studies 1 and 2). By combining transitional probability and the cooccurrence of stimuli across ambiguous trials, the present investigation helps to advance the current understanding of the role played by linguistic regularities in language learning. Additionally, this work inaugurated this line of investigation in Brazil, which can motivate future investigations of the topic. |
id |
SCAR_b0733212584d41c1f59bab93371c4f63 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/12336 |
network_acronym_str |
SCAR |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
repository_id_str |
4322 |
spelling |
Souza, Rodrigo Dal BenSouza, Débora de Hollandahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745Hay, Jessica Sari Fleminghttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7424970384206600210abcc2-5a82-46a6-8515-76860d354ee72020-03-17T13:30:27Z2020-03-17T13:30:27Z2020-03-10SOUZA, Rodrigo Dal Ben. Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336Learning an oral language presents several challenges, two of which are: extracting words from continuous speech and mapping them to referents. Statistical cues (e.g., prosody, phonotactical probability) are an important source of information to overcome such challenges. Evidence suggests that the higher or lower probability of a syllable being followed by another one (transitional probability) can be indicative of word boundaries in continuous speech. Additionally, segmentation and mapping processes can occur sequentially and simultaneously as a result of tracking the co-occurrence between words and its referents. Nonetheless, there is still a limited number of studies investigating simultaneous processes of word segmentation based on transitional probability and mapping based on cooccurrences across ambiguous trials (when more than one word and one referent is presented). The present investigation aims to answer the following question: can words be simultaneously segmented from continuous speech and mapped to referents across ambiguous trials? Three studies were conducted to investigate this question. The first study, with nine experiments, investigated whether pseudowords (previously selected) could be extracted from continuous speech based on their transitional probability. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results indicated that words can be segmented, but only when other statistical cues, such as the phonotactical probabilities, are controlled. The second study, with two experiments, investigated whether segmented words from the languages used in the first study could be mapped to abstract pictures during cross-situational word learning tasks. Brazilian-Portuguese adult speakers participated. Results suggest that words can be mapped and that performance improves when the task is repeated. Finally, the third study, with two experiments, investigated whether extraction and mapping over ambiguous trials can occur in parallel. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results suggest that these processes can occur together, at the same time, and that accuracy rates in the parallel task are higher than accuracy rates in individual tasks (Studies 1 and 2). By combining transitional probability and the cooccurrence of stimuli across ambiguous trials, the present investigation helps to advance the current understanding of the role played by linguistic regularities in language learning. Additionally, this work inaugurated this line of investigation in Brazil, which can motivate future investigations of the topic.A aprendizagem de uma língua oral envolve vários desafios, entre eles: extrair palavras da fala contínua e mapeá-las a seus referentes. Uma fonte de informação importante para quem aprende uma língua são as regularidades presentes na própria língua oral (e.g., prosódia, probabilidade fonotática, probabilidade transicional). Há evidências de que a maior ou menor probabilidade de uma sílaba ser seguida por outra sílaba (probabilidade transicional) pode informar sobre os limites das palavras de uma fala contínua. Além disso, os processos de extração de palavras e mapeamento das mesmas aos seus referentes podem ocorrer sequencialmente ou simultaneamente, por meio do rastreamento da coocorrência entre as palavras e referentes. No entanto, há um número ainda restrito de estudos investigando processos simultâneos de extração de palavras com base na probabilidade transicional e o mapeamento com base em coocorrências ao longo de tentativas ambíguas (nas quais mais de uma palavra e mais de um referente são apresentados). A presente investigação é guiada pela pergunta: palavras são extraídas de falas contínuas e mapeadas a estímulos visuais simultaneamente ao longo de tentativas ambíguas? Uma sequência de três estudos foi desenvolvida para investigar essa questão. O primeiro estudo, com nove experimentos, investigou se pseudopalavras (previamente selecionadas) podiam ser extraídas de falas contínuas com base na probabilidade transicional de suas sílabas. Participaram adultos falantes do português brasileiro e do inglês norte-americano. Os resultados indicaram que as palavras podem ser extraídas com base na probabilidade transicional, porém outras dicas estatísticas, como a probabilidade fonotática das palavras, devem ser controladas. O segundo estudo, com dois experimentos, investigou se as palavras das línguas utilizadas no primeiro estudo, já extraídas, seriam mapeadas a figuras abstratas ao longo de tentativas ambíguas. Participaram adultos falantes do português brasileiro. Os resultados sugerem que as palavras podem ser mapeadas e que o mapeamento melhora quando há repetições da tarefa. Por fim, o terceiro estudo, com dois experimentos, investigou se os processos de extração e mapeamento ao longo de tentativas ambíguas podem ocorrer em paralelo. Participaram adultos falantes do português brasileiro e do inglês norte-americano. Os resultados indicam que tais processos podem ocorrer em paralelo e que a acurácia na tarefa em paralelo é superior à acurácia nas tarefas separadas (Estudo 1 e 2). Ao combinar a probabilidade transicional e a coocorrência de estímulos ao longo de tentativas ambíguas, a presente investigação contribui para o avanço do conhecimento atual sobre o papel das regularidades linguísticas na aprendizagem de linguagem. Ao mesmo tempo, o trabalho inaugurou essa linha de investigação em âmbito nacional, podendo motivar futuras investigações sobre o assunto.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)2015/26389-72018/04226-7porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - PPGPsiUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessProcessamento de linguagemDesenvolvimento de linguagemAprendizagem de palavrasAprendizagem estatísticaLanguage processingLanguage developmentWord learningStatistical learningCIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO::PROCESSOS PERCEPTUAIS E COGNITIVOS; DESENVOLVIMENTOCIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALExtração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paraleloSpeech segmentation and cross-situational word learning in parallelinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis6006005c6eb175-263b-4b65-82f9-4addf06b7a36reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALrodrigo_tese_final.pdfrodrigo_tese_final.pdfapplication/pdf4460165https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/1/rodrigo_tese_final.pdffc58475790e4a3e463c6f7a97b2be306MD51carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdfcarta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdfCarta comprovante da versão finalapplication/pdf593695https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/2/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdfcd6d9d38e39e22db857a96efc2ca4881MD52CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/3/license_rdfe39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34MD53TEXTrodrigo_tese_final.pdf.txtrodrigo_tese_final.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain298961https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/4/rodrigo_tese_final.pdf.txtd1df80cc4825bd4e0f091a2dc852c64fMD54carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.txtcarta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain1407https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/6/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.txtefa4f612260daf3a2da443aaa05e8cbcMD56THUMBNAILrodrigo_tese_final.pdf.jpgrodrigo_tese_final.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5218https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/5/rodrigo_tese_final.pdf.jpgd4e58fad67fe088b0f2fe432dc01f646MD55carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.jpgcarta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg13119https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/7/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.jpg1f79c71915b811f3e75b46556fc7a5e0MD57ufscar/123362023-09-18 18:31:51.831oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/12336Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:51Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Speech segmentation and cross-situational word learning in parallel |
title |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
spellingShingle |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo Souza, Rodrigo Dal Ben Processamento de linguagem Desenvolvimento de linguagem Aprendizagem de palavras Aprendizagem estatística Language processing Language development Word learning Statistical learning CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO::PROCESSOS PERCEPTUAIS E COGNITIVOS; DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
title_short |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
title_full |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
title_fullStr |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
title_sort |
Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo |
author |
Souza, Rodrigo Dal Ben |
author_facet |
Souza, Rodrigo Dal Ben |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7424970384206600 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Souza, Rodrigo Dal Ben |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Souza, Débora de Hollanda |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Hay, Jessica Sari Fleming |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
210abcc2-5a82-46a6-8515-76860d354ee7 |
contributor_str_mv |
Souza, Débora de Hollanda Hay, Jessica Sari Fleming |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Processamento de linguagem Desenvolvimento de linguagem Aprendizagem de palavras Aprendizagem estatística |
topic |
Processamento de linguagem Desenvolvimento de linguagem Aprendizagem de palavras Aprendizagem estatística Language processing Language development Word learning Statistical learning CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO::PROCESSOS PERCEPTUAIS E COGNITIVOS; DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Language processing Language development Word learning Statistical learning |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO::PROCESSOS PERCEPTUAIS E COGNITIVOS; DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
description |
Learning an oral language presents several challenges, two of which are: extracting words from continuous speech and mapping them to referents. Statistical cues (e.g., prosody, phonotactical probability) are an important source of information to overcome such challenges. Evidence suggests that the higher or lower probability of a syllable being followed by another one (transitional probability) can be indicative of word boundaries in continuous speech. Additionally, segmentation and mapping processes can occur sequentially and simultaneously as a result of tracking the co-occurrence between words and its referents. Nonetheless, there is still a limited number of studies investigating simultaneous processes of word segmentation based on transitional probability and mapping based on cooccurrences across ambiguous trials (when more than one word and one referent is presented). The present investigation aims to answer the following question: can words be simultaneously segmented from continuous speech and mapped to referents across ambiguous trials? Three studies were conducted to investigate this question. The first study, with nine experiments, investigated whether pseudowords (previously selected) could be extracted from continuous speech based on their transitional probability. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results indicated that words can be segmented, but only when other statistical cues, such as the phonotactical probabilities, are controlled. The second study, with two experiments, investigated whether segmented words from the languages used in the first study could be mapped to abstract pictures during cross-situational word learning tasks. Brazilian-Portuguese adult speakers participated. Results suggest that words can be mapped and that performance improves when the task is repeated. Finally, the third study, with two experiments, investigated whether extraction and mapping over ambiguous trials can occur in parallel. Brazilian-Portuguese and English adult speakers participated. Results suggest that these processes can occur together, at the same time, and that accuracy rates in the parallel task are higher than accuracy rates in individual tasks (Studies 1 and 2). By combining transitional probability and the cooccurrence of stimuli across ambiguous trials, the present investigation helps to advance the current understanding of the role played by linguistic regularities in language learning. Additionally, this work inaugurated this line of investigation in Brazil, which can motivate future investigations of the topic. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-17T13:30:27Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-17T13:30:27Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-10 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SOUZA, Rodrigo Dal Ben. Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336 |
identifier_str_mv |
SOUZA, Rodrigo Dal Ben. Extração de palavras e mapeamento com estímulos visuais ao longo de tentativas ambíguas em paralelo. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12336 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
5c6eb175-263b-4b65-82f9-4addf06b7a36 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - PPGPsi |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) instacron:UFSCAR |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
instacron_str |
UFSCAR |
institution |
UFSCAR |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/1/rodrigo_tese_final.pdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/2/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/3/license_rdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/4/rodrigo_tese_final.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/6/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/5/rodrigo_tese_final.pdf.jpg https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12336/7/carta_versao_final_rodrigo.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
fc58475790e4a3e463c6f7a97b2be306 cd6d9d38e39e22db857a96efc2ca4881 e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 d1df80cc4825bd4e0f091a2dc852c64f efa4f612260daf3a2da443aaa05e8cbc d4e58fad67fe088b0f2fe432dc01f646 1f79c71915b811f3e75b46556fc7a5e0 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1802136370361139200 |