Mutants of common bean alpha-amylase inhibitor-2 as an approach to investigate binding specificity to alpha-amylases

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Maria Cristina Mattar da
• Data de Publicação: 2004
• Outros Autores: Mello, Luciane Vieira, Coutinho, Marise Ventura, Rigden, Daniel John, Neshich, Goran, Chrispeels, Maarten John, Grossi-de-Sá, Maria Fátima
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UCB
• Texto Completo: http://twingo.ucb.br:8080/jspui/handle/10869/614; https://repositorio.ucb.br:9443/jspui/handle/123456789/7796
• topic: Phaseolus vulgaris; α-amylase inhibitors; Inhibitor specificity; Site directed mutagenesis; Structural modeling

Despite the presence of a family of defense proteins, Phaseolus vulgaris can be attacked by bruchid insects resulting in serious damage to stored grains. The two distinct active forms of α-amylase inhibitors, α-AI1 and α-AI2, in P. vulgaris show different specificity toward α-amylases. Zabrotes subfasciatus α-amylase is inhibited by α-AI2 but not by α-AI1. In contrast, porcine α-amylase is inhibited by α-AI1 but not by α-AI2. The objective of this work was to understand the molecular basis of the specificity of two inhibitors in P. vulgaris (α-AI1 and α-AI2) in relation to α-amylases. Mutants of α-AI2 were made and expressed in tobacco plants. The results showed that all the α-AI2 mutant inhibitors lost their activity against the insect α-amylases but none exhibited activity toward the mammalian α-amylase. The replacement of His33 of α-AI2 with the α-AI1-like sequence Ser-Tyr-Asn abolished inhibition of Z. subfasciatus α-amylase. From structural modeling, the conclusion is that the size and complexity of the amylase-inhibitor interface explain why mutation of the N-terminal loop and resultant abolition of Z. subfasciatus α-amylase inhibition are not accompanied by gain of inhibitory activity against porcine α-amylase.