AÇÕES INTERDISCIPLINARES PARA PROFISSIONAIS DE UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE: ENFRENTAMENTO E CONTROLE DA OBESIDADE

• Autor(a) principal: SCHMITT, VANIA
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNICENTRO
• Texto Completo: http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/2180
• topic: Equipes de Saúde; Saúde Coletiva; Educação em Saúde; Controle da Obesidade; Práticas Interdisciplinares; Patient Care Team; Public Health; Health Education; Obesity Management; Interdisciplinary Placement; CIENCIAS HUMANAS; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS

Introduction: Obesity has been considered a worldwide public health problem. In order to fight and control obesity, health professionals need to be able to carry out actions to promote health, prevent and treat obesity. Objectives: To promote interdisciplinary actions for health professionals in order to enable them to face and control obesity. Methodology: Study with prospective and quantitative design. Carried out with health professionals from the 26 basic health units (UBS) in the urban area of Guarapuava, PR. The project was developed in three stages, namely: diagnosis of the work and attitudes of health teams at UBS; assessment of knowledge and confidence in applying the contents of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population; and promotion and evaluation of the effectiveness of interdisciplinary continuing education actions focused on coping with and controlling obesity. For the first stage, the shared primary care diagnostic questionnaire (QDCAB) was used, which was applied to the teams and subsequently analyzed by comparing the attitudes of the teams according to the level of perception of professional training. In the second stage, questionnaires were used to assess the knowledge of health professionals about the content and approach of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population (GAB1) and to assess the self-efficacy and collective effectiveness of primary care health professionals for actions guided by the Food Guide (GAB2), the results were compared according to the education level of the health professionals participating in the research. And in the third and final stage, six interdisciplinary trainings were developed and applied, involving professionals in the areas of agronomy, physical education and nutrition. Topics related to coping with and controlling obesity were addressed in the training sessions. To assess effectiveness, questionnaires were applied at the beginning and end of each training session. The results were evaluated according to the type of profession performed by the professionals, with or without higher education. Results: Regarding the diagnosis of the work and the attitudes of the teams, the correlations observed between professional training and patients' adherence to regular follow-up (p<0.001), with the organization of multidisciplinary work, with the discussion of cases, the formulation of a therapeutic project, the positive interaction of the team with family members and companions (p=0.001). As for knowledge about the Food Guide, professionals with higher education had greater knowledge about the Guide (p<0.001). Overall, security in the Guide application was low. There was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and collective efficacy (p=0.001) and an inverse correlation between longer professional experience and knowledge about the Guide (p=0.014). And, regarding the promotion of interdisciplinary actions, in the six training sessions there was an increase in the percentage of correct questions after the actions (5.9 to 10.1%). The mean scores were higher after the actions of all training (p<0.001). In all trainings, professionals with higher education had higher scores in the initial and final questionnaires (p<0.05). Conclusion: After carrying out and analyzing the three stages of the project, it can be stated that there is a lack of training for health professionals participating in the project. And after carrying out the proposed health education actions, it was noticeable that the professionals took advantage of the increase in knowledge about the topics covered. Thus, it is suggested that more health education actions be carried out, in order to qualify professionals to carry out activities to combat and control obesity in the public health system.