O cuidado de saúde de famílias de idosos Kaingang na Terra Indígena Faxinal, PR

• Autor(a) principal: Moliterno, Aline Cardoso Machado
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2414
• topic: Idoso, Indígenas; Cuidado familiar; Cuidados da Saúde; Cultura indígena; Índios Kaingang; Faxinal; Paraná (Estado); Brasil.; Elderly; Indigenous; Family Care; Culture; Faxinal; Paraná (State); Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde; Enfermagem

Aging is a phenomenon that has expanded among all populations, being also representative in some developing countries as Brazil. Thus this concern with aging has stimulated the accomplishment of some studies aiming at both an active and healthy aging, making clear that the viability of this goes beyond the need of care. Caring is something that showed up together with human race, being inherent to humankind. Observing the studies on aging process and elderly care in Brazil, we noticed that little or almost little has been focused on indigenous populations'aging. This way in accordance to the worldly aging phenomenon, this work proposes to identify and discuss indigenous care practices with their elderly family members, approaching the cultural relativities involved in the process. It is a descriptive study of a qualitative approach based on the ethnographic method. Data was collected through the active observation of community and interviews of 20 elderly families carried out from November 2010 to 2011. The information and perceptions were complemented by the researchers' field daily registrations. The analysis of the findings was done through Madeleine Leininger' s theory. The data showed that the families held specific strategies to make it possible to care for the kofa (elderly), making use of the social support network inclusively. In this group, the strong presence of women as caretakers was also reinforced, consequently the group's matriarchal characteristic is suggestive of the intensification of stressors among families whose descendants are to a great extent masculine. Thus the caretaker should be careful because of the relations involved in the caring processes. Among the knowledge and the most used traditional practices of health care, belief in supernatural forces, religious belief, and the use of phytotherapy were found. It is highlighted in Kaingang's health care the understanding of their own world. It was clear that the kujà (medicine man) was the one who had the knowledge of plants and its applications. Thinking based on the Transcultural Care Theory, it is reinforced the urge of understanding the values and belief systems to comprehend caring practices; foreseeing this way ample possibilities of keeping stronger the attention to Kaingang's health, regarding their well being promotion and empowerment of assisted population. Thus it is necessary that the professional try to bring closer the traditional practices of caring, taking into account the knowledge, making it possible this way, the preservation, adjustment or restandardization of practices according to the context in which they are inserted; the ambiguity of caring or non caring may be seen as behaviors that compose the web of significances for caring in this population.