Polimorfismo de genes KIR em pacientes com hanseníase de área brasileira considerada hiperendêmica pela Organização Mundial de Saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Jarduli, Luciana Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1907
• topic: Hanseníase; Genes KIR; Células NK; Polimorfismo genético; Genes HLA; Brasil; Leprosy; HLA genes; KIR genes; NK cells; Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde; Farmácia

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease of slow evolution caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and may manifest in different clinical forms. There is strong evidence for a genetic basis for host susceptibility to disease per se and its subtypes. KIR receptors are a group of inhibitory and activatory molecules, mainly present on the surface of NK cells, and the interaction between KIR and HLA molecules may influence the pattern of immune response. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of KIR genes and their HLA ligands in the occurrence of leprosy and its clinical forms through a case-control study. The study consisted of 408 leprosy patients and 413 healthy individuals from a hyperendemic region of Brazil, typified for KIR genes and HLA- A, B and C, by PCR-SSOPr Luminex. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square or Fisher exact test, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis, using the stepwise method for data analysis. There was a greater frequency of genes KIR activatory (KIR2DS1, 2DS2 and 3DS1) in the presence of their HLA ligands in the tuberculoid group (TT) compared to the lepromatous group (LL). KIR2DL2/2DL2 - C1 was more frequent in the group per se, TT and LL compared to the control group. Borderline patients showed a higher frequency of inhibitory peers compared to the control group and higher frequency of activatory pairs compared to the LL form. Multivariate analysis confirmed the associations found in the chi-square test and revealed that females may be a protective factor against the development of the disease and its most severe clinical form. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that KIR genes inhibitory and activatory, may have some effect on the development of leprosy, highlighting the influence of protectors activatory genes against the most aggressive form of the disease, highlighting the role of NK cells in the immunopathology of the leprosy.