Glicerina na qualidade de silagens de cana-de-açúcar e de milho e na produção de oócitos e de embriões in vitro de bovinos

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Marco Antonio Bensimon
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1563
• topic: Bovinos; Degradabilidade in situ; Digestibilidade in vitro; Estabilidade aeróbia; Fertilização in vitro; Glicerina de biodiesel; Silagem; Conservação e deterioração; Composição química; Oócitos; Nutrição animal; Reprodução animal; Bovinocultura de leite; Brasil.; Cattle; In situ; In vitro digestibility; Aerobic stability; IVF; Glycerin from biodiesel; Silage; Conservation and deterioration; Chemical composition; Oocytes; Animal Nutrition; Animal reproduction; Dairy cattle; Brazil.; Ciências Agrárias; Zootecnia

The study was carried out with the objective of studying the effects of adding glycerol from soybean biodiesel to sugarcane and corn silages to evaluate the conservation, chemical composition, digestibility, degradability and also to observe the influence of corn silage with the addition of 15% of glycerin on oocytes quality and in vitro embryos production of female Holstein. The sugarcane and corn silage were ensiled with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of glycerin in experimental PVC silos. The silos were opened at 68 days to evaluate the aerobic stability, temperature and pH in the silage, at times of 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h. The chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and in vitro digestibility of the cell wall (IVDCW) were evaluated in an artificial incubator. Other aspects were evaluated in three cattle with ruminal fistula, such as the in situ disappearance of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude protein (CP) of the silages which were incubated at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h. In sugarcane silages increases were observed (P <0.05) for DM, total digestible nutrients (TDN), mineral matter (MM), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) and reductions for (P <0.05) NDF, CP, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ether extract (EE) as the inclusion of glycerin was higher. The IVDDM in silages of sugarcane with 15% (64.45%) and 20% of glycerin (68.70%) were higher than those with zero (45.5%), 5% (53.03%) and 10% (56.04%). The IVDCW in levels of 10% (37.28%), 15% (37.11%) and 20% (41.52%) were higher compared to the levels zero (27.38%) and 5% (29 29%). In the effective degradability of DM increases were observed in the soluble portion (a), a reduction in the insoluble fraction, potentially degradable (b) and an increase in the degradability constant fraction (c) of sugarcane silages with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of glycerin (P <0.05) compared to controls. There was higher aerobic stability for the sugarcane silage with glycerin in which the pH and the average temperature were lower at the end of 120 hours at 15% (pH 3.71 and 19.5 ° C) and 20% (pH 3.65 and 17 ° C) levels compared to control (pH 6.00, 26.6 ° C). In corn silage increases were observed in (P <0.05) DM, CNF, MM and reductions in (P <0.05) NDF, CP, ADF and EE when the inclusion of glycerin was higher. The TDN content of silages with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of glycerin were superior to the control, being 2.13, 8.95, 10.33 and 13.13% respectively. The pH and average temperature of the corn silage at the end of 120 hours with 10% (pH 3.9 and 20.7 ° C), 15% (pH 3.8 and 20.5 ° C) and 20% (pH 3 6, and 19.7 ° C) of glycerin remained below the levels 0 (pH 4.7 and 21.7 ° C) and 5% (pH 4.2 and 22.6 ° C). The IVDDM in the corn silage with 10% (85.13%), 15% (86.95%) and 20% (89.18%) were higher than those with 0 (74.49%), and 5% (79, 89%) of glycerin. The IVDCW of corn silage with 20% (46.72%) and 10% (40.19%) of glycerin were higher (P <0.05) than the ones with 0 (26.65%), 5% (32 29%) and 15% (39.35%). The effective degradability of DM in the passage rates of 2, 5 and 8% / h in silage with 20% of glycerin (81.94, 76.20 and 68.99 respectively) were better when compared to those with zero (64.89; 54.98 and 51.21), 5% (71.31, 61.88 and 58.07), 10% (75.56, 67.98 and 64.76) and 15% (79.73; 72 54 and 69.69). Ten females with body condition score between 3.0 and 3.75 points on a scale of 0 to 5 points, weighting 555.90 ± 87.54 kg at 50.69 ± 13.20 months of age were randomly divided into two groups: five animals in the control group and five receiving 15% of glycerin in the silage group, being six lactating cows, three dry cows and a heifer. Follicular waves were synchronized and four follicular aspirations were performed with intervals of 15 days. The oocytes were classified and transported to the laboratory, initiating the IVF procedures. Blood was collected from animals at 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19h to measure blood glucose. In the group treated with glycerin, 132 oocytes were aspirated with 105 viable ones while in control, 90 oocytes were aspirated with 81 viable ones and there were no differences (P> 0.05) between viable and non-viable oocytes. There was no difference in the persistence of viable embryos observed at seven, eight and nine days (P> 0.05). At seven days, the control group produced 19 embryos and the group that received dietary glycerin produced 27 embryos. Difference was observed (P <0.05) in the probabilities between non-viable embryos and aspirated oocytes with unfavorable results for the control group (0.40) in relation to those treated with glycerin (0.27). No differences were observed in the mean of pre and post-prandial blood glucose (P> 0.05) in animals treated with glycerin (75.91 mg.dL-1) compared to controls (71.69 mg.dL-1), and the mean estimated as a function of time was 71.68 mg.dL-1. The results demonstrate that the glycerin added to the corn and the sugarcane silage improved the aerobic stability, increased the energy, digestibility and degradability of the ensiled material. The glycerin added to corn silage in the diet of females Holstein generated punctual variations in the level of blood glucose in animals, but for the mean analysis there was no difference. There was no influence of the glycerin added to the diet in the production and improvement of oocytes and embryos quality or in the persistence of embryos viability.